(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[2715],{3122:function(t,s,a){"use strict";a.r(s);var n=a(31),p=Object(n.a)({},(function(){var t=this,s=t.$createElement,a=t._self._c||s;return a("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":t.$parent.slotKey}},[a("h1",{attrs:{id:"groupby"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#groupby"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" groupby()")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[t._v("In Python, the "),a("code",[t._v("itertools.groupby()")]),t._v(" method allows developers to group values of an iterable class based on a specified property into another iterable set of values.")]),t._v(" "),a("h2",{attrs:{id:"example-4"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#example-4"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" Example 4")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[t._v("In this example we see what happens when we use different types of iterable.")]),t._v(" "),a("div",{staticClass:"language-py extra-class"},[a("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-py"}},[a("code",[t._v("things 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"),a("p",[t._v("groupby() is tricky but a general rule to keep in mind when using it is this:")]),t._v(" "),a("p",[a("strong",[t._v("Always sort the items you want to group with the same key you want to use for grouping")])]),t._v(" "),a("p",[t._v("It is recommended that the reader take a look at the documentation "),a("a",{attrs:{href:"https://docs.python.org/3/library/itertools.html#itertools.groupby",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[t._v("here"),a("OutboundLink")],1),t._v(" and see how it is explained using a class definition.")])])}),[],!1,null,null,null);s.default=p.exports}}]);