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Since there is no guarantee that this will happen or a way to force it, there is also no guarantee that the instance will ever be disposed. But if this class is being used internally then it's easier to ensure that the "),a("code",[t._v("Dispose()")]),t._v(" method is being called after each use. An example follows:")]),t._v(" "),a("div",{staticClass:"language-cs extra-class"},[a("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-cs"}},[a("code",[a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[t._v("public")]),t._v(" "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[t._v("class")]),t._v(" "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token class-name"}},[t._v("Program")]),t._v("\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("{")]),t._v("\n "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[t._v("public")]),t._v(" "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[t._v("static")]),t._v(" "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token return-type class-name"}},[a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[t._v("void")])]),t._v(" "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token function"}},[t._v("Main")]),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("(")]),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v(")")]),t._v("\n "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("{")]),t._v("\n "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[t._v("using")]),t._v(" "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("(")]),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token class-name"}},[a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[t._v("var")])]),t._v(" instance "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token operator"}},[t._v("=")]),t._v(" LazySingleton"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v(".")]),t._v("Instance"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v(")")]),t._v("\n "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("{")]),t._v("\n "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[t._v("// Do work with instance")]),t._v("\n "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("}")]),t._v("\n "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("}")]),t._v("\n"),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("}")]),t._v("\n\n")])])]),a("p",[t._v("Please note that this example is "),a("strong",[t._v("not thread-safe")]),t._v(".")])])}),[],!1,null,null,null);s.default=e.exports}}]);