data = read.table("../data/03-dotplot_data.csv", sep = ",", header = TRUE)

data$Country[1:3] = c("Monaco", "Japan", "Germany")

xlims = range(data[,2:4])

pdf(file = "03-dotplot.pdf", width = 6, height = 5, bg = "white")

par(mar = c(3, 5, 4, 1))

plot(

NA,

xlim = xlims,

ylim = c(1, nrow(data)),

frame.plot = FALSE,

axes = FALSE,

xlab = NA,

ylab = NA

)

abline(h = 1:nrow(data), col = "gray90")

abline(v = pretty(xlims), col = "gray90")

axis(side = 3, at = pretty(xlims), labels = pretty(xlims), col = "gray90", tick = FALSE, line = -1, cex.axis = 0.75, col.axis = "gray50")

for(i in 1:nrow(data)){

combined = rev(data[,"Combined"])[i]

male = rev(data[,"Male"])[i]

female = rev(data[,"Female"])[i]

rect(xleft = male, ybottom = i-0.2, xright = female, ytop = i+0.2, col = "#bdc3c7", border = NA)

points(x = combined, y = i, col = "#34495e", pch = 19, cex = 1.5)

points(x = male, y = i, col = "#60a3bc", pch = 19, cex = 1.5)

points(x = female, y = i, col = "#e58e26", pch = 19, cex = 1.5)

}

legend(

x = 32, y = -0.5,

legend = c("Combined", "Male", "Female"),

border = NA,

ncol = 3,

col = c("#34495e", "#60a3bc", "#e58e26"),

pch = 19,

bty = "n", xpd = TRUE, cex = 0.9, adj = 0)

axis(

side = 2,

at = 1:nrow(data),

labels = rev(data$Country),

tick = FALSE,

cex.axis = 0.8, las = 2, line = -1, col = "#34495e"

)

title(

main = "Germany is the third-oldest country in the world",

line = 3,

adj = 0,

xpd = TRUE,

cex.main = 1,

col.main = "#2c3e50"

)

title(

main = "Median age in the three countries with the oldest population and selected other countries, in years",

line = 2,

adj = 0,

xpd = TRUE,

cex.main = 0.6,

col.main = "#2c3e50"

)

dev.off()