This README contains the answers to Module 2's homework questions.

iOS currently defines two size classes: compact and regular.
These size classes are used both vertically and horizontal - and can be used to help tailor content to different layouts.

For example on the iPhone 15 Pro:

Continuous Learning is the process of consistently updating and expanding one's knowledge and skills in a specific area.

Continuous learning is crucial in software development, much like in the field of medicine, where there is a vast and ever-evolving body of knowledge. Engaging in continuous learning ensures that developers remain relevant and informed about the latest technologies and practices and retain existing skills.

There are a number of ways to find modifiers for a View, including

• Checking the Developer Documentation for the specific View.
• Referring to SwiftUI > Views > View fundamentals > Configuring view elements subsections in Developer Documentation.
• Select the View in the editor window or the Canvas (when in Selectable mode), then go to the Attributes Inspector in the Inspectors side drawer.
• Use the Modifiers section of the Library and scroll to the section relevant for the View (eg. Text).

A breakpoint is a way to interrupt and pause running code at a defined line in order to debug and inspect variables in the app. The execution of code can then be controlled and stepped through.

With the @Environment property wrapper using the associated EnvironmentValue key path for the relevant property.

eg.

    @Environment(\.verticalSizeClass) var verticalSizeClass

By checking the colorScheme environment value:

@Environment(\.colorScheme) var colorScheme

Which will be either: ColorScheme.light or ColorScheme.dark

“Magic numbers” are hard-coded numeric values that are used directly in code The term “magic” is used because the number has unexplained meaning.

Magic numbers issues:

• Reduced readability of the code (hard to understand what the number represents without context).
• Reduced maintainability (if the same number is used in multiple places, it needs to be changed everywhere it occurs; are all cases where that number is used representing the same concept?).
• Difficulty debugging (if the magic number is causing the issue, where did it come from, and why is it there?).

Magic numbers can be avoided by using named constants or creating sets of related constants (e.g., using enums or static variables in structs).

• Choosing the Color Scheme Variants in the Xcode Canvas.
• Creating multiple previews in the PreviewProvider for the View with associated .preferredColorScheme(_:) modifiers and switch between the two.

The order modifiers applied to a View matters.

The shown result is likely due to a padding modifier being applied after a background modifier.

By moving the padding modifier before the background modifier, the desired outcome can be achieved.

Change:

Text("Delete")
    .foregroundStyle(.white)
    .background(.red)
    .padding()

To:

Text("Delete")
    .padding()
    .foregroundStyle(.white)
    .background(.red)

Text("Delete")
    .padding(.horizontal, 10)

• To increase code reusability.
• To decompose complex view into a series of simpler subviews.

SwiftUI promotes using vertical and horizontal size class Environment variables to determine how a View should be laid out. On most iPhones, using the vertical size class can be used as a proxy for determining if the device is in Portrait or Landscape mode (refer to the table in answer to a).

It is important to remember that some devices (eg. iPad) may allow for multitasking, split screens, and multiple windows. The size classes in such instances refer only to the area the system gives the app to render (and thus cannot always determine the device orientation).

A (non-SwiftUI) alternative way would be to call into UIKit and read the UIDevice.current.orientation property, which will provide information regarding the physical device orientation.

A literal value is a value that is used directly in code (cf. a value that is used from a variable/constant).

In the following code example, 25.0 is a literal value:

RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 25.0)

Safe areas are the zones of the display screen that are not covered by interactive (eg. toolbar, navigationbar) or display features (eg. notch, dynamic island).

.frame(width: wideShapes ? 200 : 100)_

This is a ternary operator. It essentially compresses an if-else statement to one line.

Here, the frame’s width is set to 200 points if the wideShapes property is true, or 100 points if the wideShapes property is false.

• Scale transition: scales the size of the view during the transition.
• Opacity transition: adjusts the opacity of the view (fades in on appear, fades out on disappear) during the transition.

Data model.

SF Symbols are interface icons provided by Apple that can be used without the need to import individual assets into the project. They are designed to be consistent with Apple’s Human Interface Guidelines and have variants that can be customized.

SF Symbols can also refer to the Apple app that can be used to browse the icons.

• Step Into jumps to and executes the next instruction - whether this is in the current function or inside another method or function
• Step Over executes the next line of code in the same function but does not step into any function calls.

• Colors.
• Icons.
• Images.

By updating the Display Name field for the app'a Target (under the General tab).

Refer to the project code.

Refer to the project code.