{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "My name is MSys\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def print_name(name):\n",
    "    print(\"My name is\",name)\n",
    "\n",
    "print_name(\"MSys\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
      "[1, 2, 3, 400, 5]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def change_element(arr, index, element):\n",
    "    arr[index] = element\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
    "print(arr)\n",
    "change_element(arr, 3, 400)\n",
    "print(arr)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "7\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'ABC XYZ'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "String Formatting\n",
    "------------------------\n",
    "z = \"abc\"\n",
    "\n",
    ".format()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "index 1 , val is 10\n",
      "index 1, val is 10\n",
      "index 10, val is 1\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = 1\n",
    "v = 10\n",
    "print('index', i, \", val is\", v)\n",
    "print(\"index {}, val is {}\".format(i, v)) \n",
    "print(\"index {s1}, val is {s2}\".format(s1=v, s2= i)) "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "index is 1, val is 10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = 1\n",
    "v = 10\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f\"index is {i}, val is {v}\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "index is 0 and number is 100\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arr = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]\n",
    "\n",
    "print(\"index is 0 and number is 100\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for i, v in enumerate(arr):\n",
    "    print(\"index is\", i, \"and value is\", v ** 2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for i, v in enumerate(arr):\n",
    "    print(\"index is {} and value is {}\".format(i, v**2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "index is 0 and value is 100\n",
      "index is 1 and value is 400\n",
      "index is 2 and value is 900\n",
      "index is 3 and value is 1600\n",
      "index is 4 and value is 2500\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for i, v in enumerate(arr):\n",
    "    print(f\"index is {i} and value is {v ** 2}\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "4.588\n",
      "4.59\n",
      "4.588 <class 'str'>\n",
      "4.588 <class 'float'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f = 4.5878995994\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f\"{f:.3f}\")\n",
    "print(\"{:.2f}\".format(f))\n",
    "\n",
    "res = f\"{f:.3f}\"\n",
    "print(res, type(res))\n",
    "res = float(res)\n",
    "\n",
    "print(res, type(res))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "round(4.5878995994)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a is 10, b is 20, c is 30\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 10\n",
    "b = 20\n",
    "c = 30\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f\"a is {a}, b is {b}, c is {c}\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d = {1:'abc', 2:'pqr', 3:\"xyz\"}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "for key 1 val is ' abc '\n",
      "for key 2 val is ' pqr '\n",
      "for key 3 val is ' xyz '\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for key, val in d.items():\n",
    "    print(\"for key\", key, \"val is\", \"'\", val, \"'\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "for key 1 val is 'abc'\n",
      "for key 2 val is 'pqr'\n",
      "for key 3 val is 'xyz'\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for key, val in d.items():\n",
    "    print(f\"for key {key} val is '{val}'\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "('abc', 'zxc')\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def func():\n",
    "    return \"abc\", 'zxc'\n",
    "\n",
    "x= func()\n",
    "print(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "62.800000000000004\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def pi():\n",
    "    return 3.14\n",
    "\n",
    "r = 10\n",
    "print(2 * pi() * r)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[6.28, 12.56, 18.84, 25.12, 31.400000000000002]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def pi():\n",
    "    return 3.14\n",
    "\n",
    "def per(r):\n",
    "    return 2 * pi() * r\n",
    "\n",
    "res = []\n",
    "\n",
    "for i in range(5):\n",
    "    r = int(input())\n",
    "    res.append(per(r))\n",
    "\n",
    "print(res)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# wap to create a function, it will return all even numbers as listtill n\n",
    "\n",
    "def even(n):\n",
    "    arr = []\n",
    "\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        if i % 2 == 0:\n",
    "            arr.append(i)\n",
    "\n",
    "    return arr\n",
    "\n",
    "n = int(input())\n",
    "res = even(n)\n",
    "print(res)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# wap to to check the given number is armstrong or not, using function, if it is an armstrong no. ituen true, else false"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 153\n",
    "# ---> 1 ---> 3 ** 3 \n",
    "# ---> 2 ---> 5 ** 3\n",
    "# ---> 1 ---> 1 ** 3\n",
    "\n",
    "def is_armstrong(n):\n",
    "    res = 0\n",
    "    temp = n\n",
    "\n",
    "    while temp > 0:\n",
    "        r = temp % 10\n",
    "        res += r ** 3\n",
    "        temp //= 10\n",
    "\n",
    "    return (n == res)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "n = 153\n",
    "print(is_armstrong(n))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "foo() takes from 0 to 3 positional arguments but 4 were given",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32md:\\python\\function.ipynb Cell 23\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 7>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X31sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D3">4</a>\u001b[0m     \u001b[39mprint\u001b[39m(\u001b[39mf\u001b[39m\u001b[39m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[39mn3 is \u001b[39m\u001b[39m{\u001b[39;00mn3\u001b[39m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[39m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X31sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D4">5</a>\u001b[0m     \u001b[39mreturn\u001b[39;00m n1 \u001b[39m+\u001b[39m n2\u001b[39m+\u001b[39m n3\n\u001b[1;32m----> <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X31sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D6">7</a>\u001b[0m \u001b[39mprint\u001b[39m(foo(\u001b[39m1\u001b[39;49m, \u001b[39m2\u001b[39;49m, \u001b[39m4\u001b[39;49m, \u001b[39m5\u001b[39;49m))\n",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: foo() takes from 0 to 3 positional arguments but 4 were given"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def foo(n1=0, n2=0, n3=0):\n",
    "    print(f\"n1 is {n1}\")\n",
    "    print(f\"n2 is {n2}\")\n",
    "    print(f\"n3 is {n3}\")\n",
    "    return n1 + n2+ n3\n",
    "\n",
    "print(foo(1, 2, 4, 5))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n",
      "110\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "def func_name():\n",
    "    y = 10\n",
    "    global x\n",
    "    x = x + 100\n",
    "    print(x)\n",
    "    \n",
    "x = 10\n",
    "print(x)\n",
    "func_name()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10 1\n",
      "50\n",
      "60\n",
      "1010\n",
      "50\n",
      "60\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 10\n",
    "\n",
    "def foo():\n",
    "    # print(a, '2')\n",
    "    a = 50\n",
    "    print(a)\n",
    "    a = a+10\n",
    "    print(a)\n",
    "\n",
    "print(a, \"1\")\n",
    "foo()\n",
    "a = a + 1000\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "foo()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "100\n",
      "300\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def foo():\n",
    "    print(a)\n",
    "\n",
    "a = 100\n",
    "foo()\n",
    "a += 200\n",
    "foo()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def updation():\n",
    "    # a = a + 1\n",
    "    global a\n",
    "    a = a + 1\n",
    "\n",
    "a = 1\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "updation()\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "updation()\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "updation()\n",
    "print(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "UnboundLocalError",
     "evalue": "local variable 'arr' referenced before assignment",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mUnboundLocalError\u001b[0m                         Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32md:\\python\\function.ipynb Cell 28\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 8>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X36sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D4">5</a>\u001b[0m     arr \u001b[39m=\u001b[39m arr \u001b[39m+\u001b[39m [\u001b[39m33\u001b[39m, \u001b[39m44\u001b[39m]\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X36sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D5">6</a>\u001b[0m     \u001b[39mprint\u001b[39m(arr)\n\u001b[1;32m----> <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X36sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D7">8</a>\u001b[0m foo()\n",
      "\u001b[1;32md:\\python\\function.ipynb Cell 28\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mfoo\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X36sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D2">3</a>\u001b[0m \u001b[39mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[39mfoo\u001b[39m():\n\u001b[1;32m----> <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X36sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D3">4</a>\u001b[0m     \u001b[39mprint\u001b[39m(arr)\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X36sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D4">5</a>\u001b[0m     arr \u001b[39m=\u001b[39m arr \u001b[39m+\u001b[39m [\u001b[39m33\u001b[39m, \u001b[39m44\u001b[39m]\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X36sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D5">6</a>\u001b[0m     \u001b[39mprint\u001b[39m(arr)\n",
      "\u001b[1;31mUnboundLocalError\u001b[0m: local variable 'arr' referenced before assignment"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arr = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "\n",
    "def foo():\n",
    "    print(arr)\n",
    "    arr = arr + [33, 44]\n",
    "    print(arr)\n",
    "\n",
    "foo()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = arr + [200]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, 3, 4] 2271685909952\n",
      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 2271685909952\n",
      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, 30] 2271686273344\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, 30]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 55,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = [1, 2, 3, 4]\n",
    "print(a, id(a))\n",
    "a.append(5)\n",
    "print(a, id(a))\n",
    "a = a + [10, 20, 30]\n",
    "print(a, id(a))\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10 2271595790864\n",
      "20 2271595791184\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def foo():\n",
    "    x = 10\n",
    "    x = x + 10\n",
    "    print(x, id(x))\n",
    "\n",
    "x = 10\n",
    "print(x, id(x))\n",
    "foo()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2271687191040 {'a': 10, 'b': 20}\n",
      "2271687191040 {'a': 50, 'b': 20}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d = {'a' : 10, 'b': 20}\n",
    "print(id(d), d)\n",
    "d['a'] = 50\n",
    "print(id(d), d)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 68,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2271687289712\n",
      "2271687192752 MSzs\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s = 'MSys'\n",
    "print(id(s))\n",
    "s = s.replace('y', 'z')\n",
    "print(id(s), s)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 71,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2271685808496 MSys\n",
      "2271685808496 MSys\n",
      "2271687565744 MSzs\n",
      "2271687565744 MSzs\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s = 'MSys'\n",
    "print(id(s), s)\n",
    "\n",
    "def foo():\n",
    "    global s\n",
    "    print(id(s), s)\n",
    "    s = s.replace('y', 'z')\n",
    "    print(id(s), s)\n",
    "\n",
    "foo()\n",
    "print(id(s), s)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n",
      "MSys\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s = 'MSys'\n",
    "res = 10\n",
    "print(res)\n",
    "print(s)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n",
      "11\n",
      "12\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def display():\n",
    "    print(1)\n",
    "    print(2)\n",
    "    print(3)\n",
    "\n",
    "print(10)\n",
    "print(11)\n",
    "print(12)\n",
    "display()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = 10\n",
    "\n",
    "def func():\n",
    "    print(x)\n",
    "\n",
    "func()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "11\n",
      "12\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "y = 11\n",
    "\n",
    "def adder():\n",
    "    global y\n",
    "    y = y + 1\n",
    "\n",
    "print(y)\n",
    "adder()\n",
    "print(y)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5\n",
      "10\n",
      "20\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def mul():\n",
    "    global a\n",
    "    a = a * 2\n",
    "\n",
    "a = 5\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "mul()\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "mul()\n",
    "print(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10 20\n",
      "20 10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 10\n",
    "b = 20\n",
    "\n",
    "def swap():\n",
    "    global a, b\n",
    "    a, b = b, a\n",
    "\n",
    "print(a, b)\n",
    "swap()\n",
    "print(a, b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5 6\n",
      "6 5\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 5\n",
    "b = 6\n",
    "\n",
    "def swap(a, b):\n",
    "    a, b = b, a\n",
    "    return a, b\n",
    "\n",
    "print(a, b)\n",
    "a, b = swap(a, b)\n",
    "print(a, b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "50\n",
      "10 20\n",
      "50\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def func():\n",
    "    z = 20\n",
    "    a = 10\n",
    "    print(a, z)\n",
    "\n",
    "a = 50\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "func()\n",
    "print(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "progrma started\n",
      "outer executed\n",
      "100\n",
      "inner executed\n",
      "100\n",
      "20\n",
      "program executed\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def outer():\n",
    "    print('outer executed')\n",
    "    l = 10\n",
    "    print(g)\n",
    "\n",
    "    def inner():\n",
    "        print('inner executed')\n",
    "        z = 100\n",
    "        nonlocal l\n",
    "        l = l + 10\n",
    "        print(g)\n",
    "        print(l)\n",
    "\n",
    "    inner()\n",
    "\n",
    "g = 100\n",
    "print('progrma started')\n",
    "outer()\n",
    "print(\"program executed\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "110\n",
      "30\n",
      "1000\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def outer():\n",
    "    x = 10\n",
    "    def inner():\n",
    "        y = 30\n",
    "        nonlocal x\n",
    "        x = x + 100\n",
    "        global z \n",
    "        z = z * 10\n",
    "        print(x)\n",
    "        print(y)\n",
    "        print(z)\n",
    "\n",
    "    inner()\n",
    "\n",
    "z = 100\n",
    "outer()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "func() takes 2 positional arguments but 3 were given",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32md:\\python\\function.ipynb Cell 45\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 4>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X62sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D0">1</a>\u001b[0m \u001b[39mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[39mfunc\u001b[39m(a, b):\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X62sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D1">2</a>\u001b[0m     \u001b[39mprint\u001b[39m(a, b)\n\u001b[1;32m----> <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X62sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D3">4</a>\u001b[0m func(\u001b[39m10\u001b[39;49m, \u001b[39m20\u001b[39;49m, \u001b[39m30\u001b[39;49m)\n",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: func() takes 2 positional arguments but 3 were given"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def func(a, b):\n",
    "    print(a, b)\n",
    "\n",
    "func(10, 20, 30)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "adder() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'a' and 'b'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32md:\\python\\function.ipynb Cell 46\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 5>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X63sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D1">2</a>\u001b[0m     \u001b[39mprint\u001b[39m(a, b)\n\u001b[0;32m      <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X63sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D2">3</a>\u001b[0m     \u001b[39mreturn\u001b[39;00m a \u001b[39m+\u001b[39m b\n\u001b[1;32m----> <a href="proxy.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fvscode-notebook-cell%3A%2Fd%253A%2Fpython%2Ffunction.ipynb%23X63sZmlsZQ%253D%253D%3Fline%3D4">5</a>\u001b[0m \u001b[39mprint\u001b[39m(adder())\n",
      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: adder() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'a' and 'b'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def adder(a, b):\n",
    "    print(a, b)\n",
    "    return a + b\n",
    "\n",
    "print(adder())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\n",
      "None\n",
      "0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def display(name= '', age = None, marks=0):\n",
    "    print(name)\n",
    "    print(age)\n",
    "    print(marks)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "display()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a: 0\n",
      "b: 0\n",
      "0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def adder(a=0, b=0):\n",
    "    print('a:', a)\n",
    "    print('b:', b)\n",
    "    return a + b\n",
    "\n",
    "print(adder(a=10, b= 20))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "200"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def mul(b, a= 1):\n",
    "    return a * b\n",
    "\n",
    "mul(10, 20)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "slno: 1\n",
      "name: persion1\n",
      "age: 0\n",
      "subject: *\n",
      "\n",
      "slno: 2\n",
      "name: persion2\n",
      "age: 0\n",
      "subject: *\n",
      "\n",
      "slno: 3\n",
      "name: persion3\n",
      "age: 23\n",
      "subject: *\n",
      "\n",
      "slno: 4\n",
      "name: persion4\n",
      "age: 24\n",
      "subject: math\n",
      "\n",
      "slno: 5\n",
      "name: persion5\n",
      "age: 24\n",
      "subject: python\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def display(slno, name, age=0, sub='*'):\n",
    "    print('slno:', slno)\n",
    "    print('name:', name)\n",
    "    print('age:', age)\n",
    "    print('subject:', sub)\n",
    "\n",
    "display(1, 'persion1')\n",
    "print()\n",
    "display(slno=2, name='persion2')\n",
    "print()\n",
    "display(3, 'persion3', 23)\n",
    "print()\n",
    "display(4, 'persion4', 24, 'math')\n",
    "print()\n",
    "display(slno=5, name='persion5', age=24, sub='python')\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
      "[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def rev_list(arr):\n",
    "    temp = []\n",
    "\n",
    "    for i in arr:\n",
    "        temp = [i] + temp\n",
    "    \n",
    "    return temp\n",
    "\n",
    "arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
    "print(arr)\n",
    "res = rev_list(arr)\n",
    "print(res)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60]\n",
      "[60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def rev_list(arr):\n",
    "    s = 0\n",
    "    e = len(arr) - 1\n",
    "\n",
    "    while s < e:\n",
    "        arr[s], arr[e] = arr[e], arr[s]\n",
    "        s += 1\n",
    "        e -= 1\n",
    "\n",
    "arr = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60]\n",
    "print(arr)\n",
    "rev_list(arr)\n",
    "print(arr)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "120\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def adder(a=0, b=0):\n",
    "    print(a + b)\n",
    "\n",
    "n1 = 10\n",
    "n2 = 20\n",
    "adder(a = 50, b = 70)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "<class 'generator'>\n",
      "<generator object find_even at 0x0000025F419DA810>\n",
      "(0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def find_even(n):\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        if not i % 2:\n",
    "            yield i\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def div_by_ten(n):\n",
    "    res = []\n",
    "\n",
    "    for i in find_even(n):\n",
    "        if i % 10 == 0:\n",
    "            res.append(i)\n",
    "    return res\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "# print(div_by_ten(100))\n",
    "\n",
    "x = find_even(100)\n",
    "print(type(x))\n",
    "print(x)\n",
    "print(tuple(x))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def adder(a, b, c, d, e=0):\n",
    "    res = 0\n",
    "    # for i in l:\n",
    "    #     res += i\n",
    "    return res\n",
    "\n",
    "print(adder(10, 20, 30, 40))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "(1, 2, 3)\n",
      "[1, 2, 3]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = (1, 2,3)\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "a = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "print(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 1, 2, 3, [])\n",
      "()\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def func(*args):\n",
    "    print(args)\n",
    "\n",
    "func(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 1, 2, 3, [])\n",
    "func()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) <class 'tuple'>\n",
      "28\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def adder(*n):\n",
    "    print(n, type(n))\n",
    "    res=0\n",
    "    \n",
    "    for i in n:\n",
    "        res=res+i\n",
    "    print(res)\n",
    "adder(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'slno': 1, 'name': 'MSys', 'age': 13} <class 'dict'>\n",
      "{'slno': 2, 'name': 'abdc', 'age': 12, 'marks': 99} <class 'dict'>\n",
      "{'slno': 3, 'name': 'xyz'} <class 'dict'>\n",
      "{} <class 'dict'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def display(**kwargs):\n",
    "    print(kwargs, type(kwargs))\n",
    "\n",
    "display(slno=1, name='MSys', age=13)\n",
    "display(slno=2, name='abdc', age=12, marks=99)\n",
    "display(slno=3, name='xyz')\n",
    "display()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 67,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "(1, 2, 3, 4) <class 'tuple'>\n",
      "{'name': 'a', 'age': 44} <class 'dict'>\n",
      "() <class 'tuple'>\n",
      "{} <class 'dict'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def func(*t, **d):\n",
    "    print(t, type(t))\n",
    "    print(d, type(d))\n",
    "\n",
    "func(1, 2, 3, 4, name='a', age=44)\n",
    "func()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "15\n",
      "5\n",
      "50\n",
      "2.0\n",
      "\n",
      "18\n",
      "4\n",
      "77\n",
      "1.5714285714285714\n",
      "\n",
      "27\n",
      "9\n",
      "162\n",
      "2.0\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def calc(n1, n2):\n",
    "    print(n1+n2)\n",
    "    print(n1-n2)\n",
    "    print(n1*n2)\n",
    "    print(n1/n2)\n",
    "    print()\n",
    "\n",
    "calc(10, 5)\n",
    "calc(11, 7)\n",
    "calc(18, 9)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "15\n",
      "5\n",
      "50\n",
      "2.0\n",
      "\n",
      "18\n",
      "4\n",
      "77\n",
      "1.5714285714285714\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "n1 = 10\n",
    "n2 = 5\n",
    "print(n1+n2)\n",
    "print(n1-n2)\n",
    "print(n1*n2)\n",
    "print(n1/n2)\n",
    "print()\n",
    "\n",
    "n1 = 11\n",
    "n2 = 7\n",
    "print(n1+n2)\n",
    "print(n1-n2)\n",
    "print(n1*n2)\n",
    "print(n1/n2)\n",
    "print()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "n1, n2 = 10, 30\n",
    "\n",
    "for i in range(n1, n2+1):\n",
    "    print(i)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "n1, n2 = 10, 30\n",
    "\n",
    "while n1 <= n2:\n",
    "    print(n1)\n",
    "    n1 += 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def display(n1, n2):\n",
    "    if n1 > n2:\n",
    "        return\n",
    "    print(n1)\n",
    "    display(n1+1, n2)\n",
    "\n",
    "n1, n2 = 10, 15\n",
    "display(n1, n2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def display(n1, n2):\n",
    "    if n1 <= n2:\n",
    "        print(n1)\n",
    "        display(n1+1, n2)\n",
    "\n",
    "n1, n2 = 10, 30\n",
    "display(n1, n2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [10, 'a', True, (20, 40), 10.88]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "i = 0\n",
    "\n",
    "while i < len(arr):\n",
    "    print(arr[i])\n",
    "    i += 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def iteration(arr, i):\n",
    "    if i == len(arr):\n",
    "        return\n",
    "    print(arr[i])\n",
    "    iteration(arr, i+1)\n",
    "\n",
    "iteration(arr, 0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n",
      "a\n",
      "True\n",
      "(20, 40)\n",
      "10.88\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def iteration(arr):\n",
    "    if len(arr) == 0:\n",
    "        return\n",
    "    print(arr[0])\n",
    "    iteration(arr[1:])\n",
    "\n",
    "iteration(arr)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def display(n1, n2):\n",
    "    if n1 <= n2:\n",
    "        print(n1)\n",
    "        display(n1+1, n2)\n",
    "\n",
    "display(1, 5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "3\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "1\n",
      "3\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def display(n1, n2):\n",
    "    if n1 <= n2:\n",
    "        display(n1+1, n2)\n",
    "        print(n1)\n",
    "        display(n1+1, n2)\n",
    "\n",
    "display(1, 3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "3\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "1\n",
      "3\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def display1(n1, n2):\n",
    "    if n1 <= n2:\n",
    "        print(n1)\n",
    "        display2(n1+1, n2)\n",
    "\n",
    "def display2(n1, n2):\n",
    "    if n1 <= n2:\n",
    "        print(n1)\n",
    "        display1(n1+1, n2)\n",
    "\n",
    "display(1, 3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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