/************************************************************************* * A generic stack, implemented using a singly-linked list. * Each stack element is of type Item. * * This version uses a static nested class Node (to save 8 bytes per * Node), whereas the version in the textbook uses a non-static nested * class (for simplicity). * *************************************************************************/ import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.NoSuchElementException; public class Stack implements Iterable { private int N; // size of the stack private Node first; // top of stack // helper linked list class private static class Node { private Item item; private Node next; } public Stack() { first = null; N = 0; } /** * Is this stack empty? * @return true if this stack is empty; false otherwise */ public boolean isEmpty() { return first == null; } /** * Returns the number of items in the stack. * @return the number of items in the stack */ public int size() { return N; } /** * Adds the item to this stack. * @param item the item to add */ public void push(Item item) { Node oldfirst = first; first = new Node(); first.item = item; first.next = oldfirst; N++; } /** * Removes and returns the item most recently added to this stack. * @return the item most recently added * @throws java.util.NoSuchElementException if this stack is empty */ public Item pop() { if (isEmpty()) throw new NoSuchElementException("Stack underflow"); Item item = first.item; // save item to return first = first.next; // delete first node N--; return item; // return the saved item } /** * Returns (but does not remove) the item most recently added to this stack. * @return the item most recently added to this stack * @throws java.util.NoSuchElementException if this stack is empty */ public Item peek() { if (isEmpty()) throw new NoSuchElementException("Stack underflow"); return first.item; } /** * Returns a string representation of this stack. * @return the sequence of items in the stack in LIFO order, separated by spaces */ public String toString() { StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder(); for (Item item : this) s.append(item + " "); return s.toString(); } /** * Returns an iterator to this stack that iterates through the items in LIFO order. * @return an iterator to this stack that iterates through the items in LIFO order. */ public Iterator iterator() { return new ListIterator(first); } // an iterator, doesn't implement remove() since it's optional private class ListIterator implements Iterator { private Node current; public ListIterator(Node first) { current = first; } public boolean hasNext() { return current != null; } public void remove() { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } public Item next() { if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException(); Item item = current.item; current = current.next; return item; } } /** * Unit tests the Stack data type. */ public static void main(String [] args){ Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); Stack s = new Stack(); while (sc.hasNext()){ String item = sc.next(); s.push(item); System.out.println(s.size()); } } }