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| 1 | +package com.baeldung.powerset; |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +import com.google.common.collect.Sets; |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +import javax.annotation.Nullable; |
| 6 | +import java.util.AbstractSet; |
| 7 | +import java.util.ArrayList; |
| 8 | +import java.util.Arrays; |
| 9 | +import java.util.Collection; |
| 10 | +import java.util.HashMap; |
| 11 | +import java.util.HashSet; |
| 12 | +import java.util.Iterator; |
| 13 | +import java.util.List; |
| 14 | +import java.util.Map; |
| 15 | +import java.util.NoSuchElementException; |
| 16 | +import java.util.Set; |
| 17 | + |
| 18 | +public class PowerSetUtility<T> { |
| 19 | + |
| 20 | + private Map<T, Integer> map = new HashMap<>(); |
| 21 | + private List<T> reverseMap = new ArrayList<>(); |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | + //Lazy Load PowerSet class |
| 24 | + private static class PowerSet<E> extends AbstractSet<Set<E>> { |
| 25 | + private Map<E, Integer> map = new HashMap<>(); |
| 26 | + private List<E> reverseMap = new ArrayList<>(); |
| 27 | + private Set<E> set; |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | + public PowerSet(Set<E> set) { |
| 30 | + this.set = set; |
| 31 | + initializeMap(); |
| 32 | + } |
| 33 | + |
| 34 | + abstract class ListIterator<K> implements Iterator<K> { |
| 35 | + |
| 36 | + protected int position = 0; |
| 37 | + private int size; |
| 38 | + |
| 39 | + public ListIterator(int size) { |
| 40 | + this.size = size; |
| 41 | + } |
| 42 | + |
| 43 | + @Override |
| 44 | + public boolean hasNext() { |
| 45 | + return position < size; |
| 46 | + } |
| 47 | + } |
| 48 | + |
| 49 | + static class Subset<E> extends AbstractSet<E> { |
| 50 | + private Map<E, Integer> map; |
| 51 | + private List<E> reverseMap; |
| 52 | + private int mask; |
| 53 | + |
| 54 | + public Subset(Map<E, Integer> map, List<E> reverseMap, int mask) { |
| 55 | + this.map = map; |
| 56 | + this.reverseMap = reverseMap; |
| 57 | + this.mask = mask; |
| 58 | + } |
| 59 | + |
| 60 | + @Override |
| 61 | + public Iterator<E> iterator() { |
| 62 | + return new Iterator<E>() { |
| 63 | + int remainingSetBits = mask; |
| 64 | + |
| 65 | + @Override |
| 66 | + public boolean hasNext() { |
| 67 | + return remainingSetBits != 0; |
| 68 | + } |
| 69 | + |
| 70 | + @Override |
| 71 | + public E next() { |
| 72 | + int index = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(remainingSetBits); |
| 73 | + if (index == 32) { |
| 74 | + throw new NoSuchElementException(); |
| 75 | + } |
| 76 | + remainingSetBits &= ~(1 << index); |
| 77 | + return reverseMap.get(index); |
| 78 | + } |
| 79 | + }; |
| 80 | + } |
| 81 | + |
| 82 | + @Override |
| 83 | + public int size() { |
| 84 | + return Integer.bitCount(mask); |
| 85 | + } |
| 86 | + |
| 87 | + @Override |
| 88 | + public boolean contains(@Nullable Object o) { |
| 89 | + Integer index = map.get(o); |
| 90 | + return index != null && (mask & (1 << index)) != 0; |
| 91 | + } |
| 92 | + } |
| 93 | + |
| 94 | + @Override |
| 95 | + public Iterator<Set<E>> iterator() { |
| 96 | + return new ListIterator<Set<E>>(this.size()) { |
| 97 | + @Override |
| 98 | + public Set<E> next() { |
| 99 | + return new Subset<>(map, reverseMap, position++); |
| 100 | + } |
| 101 | + }; |
| 102 | + } |
| 103 | + |
| 104 | + @Override |
| 105 | + public int size() { |
| 106 | + return (1 << this.set.size()); |
| 107 | + } |
| 108 | + |
| 109 | + @Override |
| 110 | + public boolean contains(@Nullable Object obj) { |
| 111 | + if (obj instanceof Set) { |
| 112 | + Set<?> set = (Set<?>) obj; |
| 113 | + return reverseMap.containsAll(set); |
| 114 | + } |
| 115 | + return false; |
| 116 | + } |
| 117 | + |
| 118 | + @Override |
| 119 | + public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) { |
| 120 | + if (obj instanceof PowerSet) { |
| 121 | + PowerSet<?> that = (PowerSet<?>) obj; |
| 122 | + return set.equals(that.set);//Set equals check to have the same element regardless of the order of the items |
| 123 | + } |
| 124 | + return super.equals(obj); |
| 125 | + } |
| 126 | + |
| 127 | + |
| 128 | + private void initializeMap() { |
| 129 | + int mapId = 0; |
| 130 | + for (E c : this.set) { |
| 131 | + map.put(c, mapId++); |
| 132 | + reverseMap.add(c); |
| 133 | + } |
| 134 | + } |
| 135 | + } |
| 136 | + |
| 137 | + public Set<Set<T>> lazyLoadPowerSet(Set<T> set) { |
| 138 | + return new PowerSet<>(set); |
| 139 | + } |
| 140 | + |
| 141 | + public Set<Set<T>> recursivePowerSet(Set<T> set) { |
| 142 | + if (set.isEmpty()) { |
| 143 | + Set<Set<T>> ret = new HashSet<>(); |
| 144 | + ret.add(set); |
| 145 | + return ret; |
| 146 | + } |
| 147 | + |
| 148 | + T element = set.iterator().next(); |
| 149 | + Set<T> subSetWithoutElement = getSubSetWithoutElement(set, element); |
| 150 | + Set<Set<T>> powerSetSubSetWithoutElement = recursivePowerSet(subSetWithoutElement); |
| 151 | + |
| 152 | + Set<Set<T>> powerSetSubSetWithElement = addElementToAll(powerSetSubSetWithoutElement, element); |
| 153 | + |
| 154 | + Set<Set<T>> powerSet = new HashSet<>(); |
| 155 | + powerSet.addAll(powerSetSubSetWithoutElement); |
| 156 | + powerSet.addAll(powerSetSubSetWithElement); |
| 157 | + return powerSet; |
| 158 | + } |
| 159 | + |
| 160 | + public Set<Set<T>> recursivePowerSetIndexRepresentation(Collection<T> set) { |
| 161 | + initializeMap(set); |
| 162 | + Set<Set<Integer>> powerSetIndices = recursivePowerSetIndexRepresentation(0, set.size()); |
| 163 | + return unMapIndex(powerSetIndices); |
| 164 | + } |
| 165 | + |
| 166 | + private List<List<Boolean>> iterativePowerSetByLoopOverNumbersWithReverseLexicographicalOrder(int n) { |
| 167 | + List<List<Boolean>> powerSet = new ArrayList<>(); |
| 168 | + for (int i = 0; i < (1 << n); i++) { |
| 169 | + List<Boolean> subset = new ArrayList<>(n); |
| 170 | + for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) |
| 171 | + subset.add(((1 << j) & i) > 0); |
| 172 | + powerSet.add(subset); |
| 173 | + } |
| 174 | + return powerSet; |
| 175 | + } |
| 176 | + |
| 177 | + private List<List<Boolean>> iterativePowerSetByLoopOverNumbersWithGrayCodeOrder(int n) { |
| 178 | + List<List<Boolean>> powerSet = new ArrayList<>(); |
| 179 | + for (int i = 0; i < (1 << n); i++) { |
| 180 | + List<Boolean> subset = new ArrayList<>(n); |
| 181 | + for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) { |
| 182 | + int grayEquivalent = i ^ (i >> 1); |
| 183 | + subset.add(((1 << j) & grayEquivalent) > 0); |
| 184 | + } |
| 185 | + powerSet.add(subset); |
| 186 | + } |
| 187 | + return powerSet; |
| 188 | + } |
| 189 | + |
| 190 | + public Set<Set<T>> recursivePowerSetBinaryRepresentation(Collection<T> set) { |
| 191 | + initializeMap(set); |
| 192 | + Set<List<Boolean>> powerSetBoolean = recursivePowerSetBinaryRepresentation(0, set.size()); |
| 193 | + return unMapBinary(powerSetBoolean); |
| 194 | + } |
| 195 | + |
| 196 | + public List<List<T>> iterativePowerSetByLoopOverNumbers(Set<T> set) { |
| 197 | + initializeMap(set); |
| 198 | + List<List<Boolean>> sets = iterativePowerSetByLoopOverNumbersWithReverseLexicographicalOrder(set.size()); |
| 199 | + return unMapListBinary(sets); |
| 200 | + } |
| 201 | + |
| 202 | + public List<List<T>> iterativePowerSetByLoopOverNumbersMinimalChange(Set<T> set) { |
| 203 | + initializeMap(set); |
| 204 | + List<List<Boolean>> sets = iterativePowerSetByLoopOverNumbersWithGrayCodeOrder(set.size()); |
| 205 | + return unMapListBinary(sets); |
| 206 | + } |
| 207 | + |
| 208 | + public static int getRankInLexicographicalOrder(List<Boolean> subset) { |
| 209 | + int rank = 0; |
| 210 | + for (int i = 0; i < subset.size(); i++) |
| 211 | + if (subset.get(i)) |
| 212 | + rank += (1 << (subset.size() - i - 1)); |
| 213 | + return rank; |
| 214 | + } |
| 215 | + |
| 216 | + public static List<Boolean> getSubsetForRankInLexicographicalOrder(int rank, int sizeOfSet) { |
| 217 | + Boolean[] subset = new Boolean[sizeOfSet]; |
| 218 | + for(int j = 0; j < sizeOfSet; j++) { |
| 219 | + subset[sizeOfSet - j - 1] = ((rank & (1 << j)) > 0); |
| 220 | + } |
| 221 | + return Arrays.asList(subset); |
| 222 | + } |
| 223 | + |
| 224 | + private Set<Set<Integer>> recursivePowerSetIndexRepresentation(int idx, int n) { |
| 225 | + if (idx == n) { |
| 226 | + Set<Set<Integer>> empty = new HashSet<>(); |
| 227 | + empty.add(new HashSet<>()); |
| 228 | + return empty; |
| 229 | + } |
| 230 | + Set<Set<Integer>> powerSetSubset = recursivePowerSetIndexRepresentation(idx + 1, n); |
| 231 | + Set<Set<Integer>> powerSet = new HashSet<>(powerSetSubset); |
| 232 | + for (Set<Integer> s : powerSetSubset) { |
| 233 | + HashSet<Integer> subSetIdxInclusive = new HashSet<>(s); |
| 234 | + subSetIdxInclusive.add(idx); |
| 235 | + powerSet.add(subSetIdxInclusive); |
| 236 | + } |
| 237 | + return powerSet; |
| 238 | + } |
| 239 | + |
| 240 | + private Set<List<Boolean>> recursivePowerSetBinaryRepresentation(int idx, int n) { |
| 241 | + if (idx == n) { |
| 242 | + Set<List<Boolean>> powerSetOfEmptySet = new HashSet<>(); |
| 243 | + powerSetOfEmptySet.add(Arrays.asList(new Boolean[n])); |
| 244 | + return powerSetOfEmptySet; |
| 245 | + } |
| 246 | + Set<List<Boolean>> powerSetSubset = recursivePowerSetBinaryRepresentation(idx + 1, n); |
| 247 | + Set<List<Boolean>> powerSet = new HashSet<>(); |
| 248 | + for (List<Boolean> s : powerSetSubset) { |
| 249 | + List<Boolean> subSetIdxExclusive = new ArrayList<>(s); |
| 250 | + subSetIdxExclusive.set(idx, false); |
| 251 | + powerSet.add(subSetIdxExclusive); |
| 252 | + List<Boolean> subSetIdxInclusive = new ArrayList<>(s); |
| 253 | + subSetIdxInclusive.set(idx, true); |
| 254 | + powerSet.add(subSetIdxInclusive); |
| 255 | + } |
| 256 | + return powerSet; |
| 257 | + } |
| 258 | + |
| 259 | + private void initializeMap(Collection<T> collection) { |
| 260 | + int mapId = 0; |
| 261 | + for (T c : collection) { |
| 262 | + map.put(c, mapId++); |
| 263 | + reverseMap.add(c); |
| 264 | + } |
| 265 | + } |
| 266 | + |
| 267 | + private Set<Set<T>> unMapIndex(Set<Set<Integer>> sets) { |
| 268 | + Set<Set<T>> ret = new HashSet<>(); |
| 269 | + for (Set<Integer> s : sets) { |
| 270 | + HashSet<T> subset = new HashSet<>(); |
| 271 | + for (Integer i : s) |
| 272 | + subset.add(reverseMap.get(i)); |
| 273 | + ret.add(subset); |
| 274 | + } |
| 275 | + return ret; |
| 276 | + } |
| 277 | + |
| 278 | + private Set<Set<T>> unMapBinary(Collection<List<Boolean>> sets) { |
| 279 | + Set<Set<T>> ret = new HashSet<>(); |
| 280 | + for (List<Boolean> s : sets) { |
| 281 | + HashSet<T> subset = new HashSet<>(); |
| 282 | + for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++) |
| 283 | + if (s.get(i)) |
| 284 | + subset.add(reverseMap.get(i)); |
| 285 | + ret.add(subset); |
| 286 | + } |
| 287 | + return ret; |
| 288 | + } |
| 289 | + |
| 290 | + private List<List<T>> unMapListBinary(Collection<List<Boolean>> sets) { |
| 291 | + List<List<T>> ret = new ArrayList<>(); |
| 292 | + for (List<Boolean> s : sets) { |
| 293 | + List<T> subset = new ArrayList<>(); |
| 294 | + for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++) |
| 295 | + if (s.get(i)) |
| 296 | + subset.add(reverseMap.get(i)); |
| 297 | + ret.add(subset); |
| 298 | + } |
| 299 | + return ret; |
| 300 | + } |
| 301 | + |
| 302 | + private Set<Set<T>> addElementToAll(Set<Set<T>> powerSetSubSetWithoutElement, T element) { |
| 303 | + Set<Set<T>> powerSetSubSetWithElement = new HashSet<>(); |
| 304 | + for (Set<T> subsetWithoutElement : powerSetSubSetWithoutElement) { |
| 305 | + Set<T> subsetWithElement = new HashSet<>(subsetWithoutElement); |
| 306 | + subsetWithElement.add(element); |
| 307 | + powerSetSubSetWithElement.add(subsetWithElement); |
| 308 | + } |
| 309 | + return powerSetSubSetWithElement; |
| 310 | + } |
| 311 | + |
| 312 | + private Set<T> getSubSetWithoutElement(Set<T> set, T element) { |
| 313 | + Set<T> subsetWithoutElement = new HashSet<>(); |
| 314 | + for (T s : set) { |
| 315 | + if (!s.equals(element)) |
| 316 | + subsetWithoutElement.add(s); |
| 317 | + } |
| 318 | + return subsetWithoutElement; |
| 319 | + } |
| 320 | +} |
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