#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

/*

From encapsulation chapter:

The access modifier "protected" is especially relevant when it comes to C++ inheritance. Same as private members, protected members are inaccessible outside of the class. However,

they can be accessed by derived classes and friend functions/classes. The protected members is needed, if we want to hide the data of a class, but still want that data to be inherited

by its derived class(es).

*/

class Animal {

private:

string color;

protected:

string type;

public:

void eat(){

cout << "Eating!" << endl;

}

void sleep(){

cout << "Sleeping!" << endl;

}

void setColor(string clr){

color = clr;

}

string getColor(){

return color;

}

};

class Dog : public Animal {

public:

//type is protected ad is thus accessible from Dog class.

//Also, since the protected keyword hides data, type cannot be accessible directly (setType)

void setType(string tp){

type = tp;

}

//color attribute from Animal class is private, so cannot be initialized like type in Dog class

/*

void setColor(string clr){

color = clr;

}

//this method (setColor) causing an error

*/

void displayInfo(string c){

cout << "It's a " << type << " in color " << c << endl;

}

void bark(){

cout << "The dog is barking!" << endl;

}

};

int main(){

Dog dog;

dog.eat();

dog.sleep();

dog.setColor("Brown");

dog.bark();

dog.setType("Shiba"); //dog.type = "Shiba" causing an error

dog.displayInfo(dog.getColor());

}