{"id":68518,"date":"2023-07-18T02:53:09","date_gmt":"2023-07-18T02:53:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/?p=68518"},"modified":"2023-10-25T08:51:22","modified_gmt":"2023-10-25T08:51:22","slug":"what-is-set-in-python-with-example","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/python-tutorial\/what-is-set-in-python-with-example\/","title":{"rendered":"Exploring Sets in Python: Usage, Comparisons, and Operations"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

What is Set in Python?<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A set <\/strong>is a collection of elements that can be iterated over and changed and does not contain duplicate elements or an index. Sets let you store multiple items in a single variable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sets <\/strong>are one of the four built-in data types in Python, along with Lists<\/a>, Tuples<\/a>, and dictionaries<\/a>. Each data type has different uses and qualities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What does set do in Python?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Python sets <\/strong>are useful because they cannot contain duplicate values<\/strong>, making them ideal for eliminating duplicates in lists or tuples, and for performing common math operations like unions and intersections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Create sets in Python<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A set <\/strong>can be created by placing elements inside curly braces {}<\/strong><\/mark> and separating them with a comma (,<\/mark>)<\/code><\/strong>, or by using the built-in set()<\/strong><\/mark> function. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Creating an empty set can be done by using empty curly braces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

x = {}\ny = set(['Python', 'is', 'Fun'])\n\nprint(x)\nprint(y)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
{}\n{'Fun', 'Python', 'is'}<\/strong><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Note<\/strong>: Set is an unordered collection of items<\/strong> that is iterable. If you run your code again the list will change positions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Initialize a Set in Python<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
You can initialize a set in Python by using set()<\/strong> or putting all of the items (elements) inside curly braces {}<\/strong> and putting a comma<\/strong> between each one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
# using the Set function\nset1 = set(['India', 'Philippines'])\nprint(set1, 'and the following type is', type(set1))\n\n# using curly braces {}\nset1 = {'Hello', 'Hey', 'Hi'}\nprint(set1, 'and the following type is', type(set1))<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
{'Philippines', 'India'} and the following type is <class 'set'>\n{'Hello', 'Hi', 'Hey'} and the following type is <class 'set'><\/strong><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Modifying a set in Python<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
To modify a set in Python, you can use the add()<\/strong><\/mark> method to add one element at a time, or the update() <\/strong>method to add several elements at once. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The update() <\/strong>method can be used with tuples, lists, strings, or other sets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
# initialize set1\nset1 = {1, 3}\nprint(set1)\n\n# add an element\nset1.add(2)\nprint(set1)\n\n# add multiple elements\nset1.update([2, 3, 4])\nprint(set1)\n\n# add list and set\nset1.update([4, 5], {1, 6, 7})\nprint(set1)<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
{1, 3}\n{1, 2, 3}\n{1, 2, 3, 4}\n{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}<\/strong><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Removing Elements from a Set<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Use the remove() or discard()<\/strong> method to remove elements from a set.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The discard()<\/strong><\/mark> function does nothing if an element is not in a set, while the remove()<\/strong> function will throw an error if the element is not present.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
set1 = {'Prince', 'Adones', 'Jude', 'Paul', 'Ted', 'Glen', 'Jaymar'}\n\nset1.discard('Adones')\nprint('using discard',set1) # discard an element\n\nset1.remove('Ted')\nprint('using remove',set1) # remove an element<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
using discard {'Paul', 'Ted', 'Jaymar', 'Prince', 'Glen', 'Jude'}\nusing remove {'Paul', 'Jaymar', 'Prince', 'Glen', 'Jude'}<\/strong><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
We can remove an item from a set using the pop()<\/strong><\/mark> method. Since sets are unordered, we can’t predict which item will be removed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
We can also clear a set of all its items using the clear()<\/strong><\/mark> method.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
set1 = {'Prince', 'Adones', 'Jude', 'Paul', 'Ted', 'Glen', 'Jaymar'}\n\nprint(set1.pop()) # pop an random element\n\n# clear set1\nset1.clear()\nprint('After clearing:',set1) # this will empty the set<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jaymar\nAfter clearing: set()<\/strong><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Python Set Operations<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Python sets can be operated using union, intersection, difference, and symmetric difference<\/strong>. These operations can be performed using either operators or methods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}\nB = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9}<\/strong><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The list below shows the description of Python Set Operations and their diagrams with examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Set Union<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Set Union<\/strong> – is a set that has all the elements from both sets.<\/p>\n\n\n
\n
\"What<\/a>
Set Union Diagram<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The |<\/strong> operator and the union() <\/strong>method are used to make a union.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}\nB = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9}\n\n# using the | operator\nprint (A | B)\n\n# using the union function\nprint (A.union(B))<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}\n{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Set Intersection<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Set Intersection<\/strong> – is a set of elements that are in both A and B.<\/p>\n\n\n
\n
\"What<\/a>
Set Intersection Diagram<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
The <\/strong>&<\/strong><\/mark> operator and the intersection()<\/mark> <\/strong>method are used to make an intersection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}\nB = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9}\n\n# using the & operator\nprint (A & B)\n\n# using the intersection function\nprint (A.intersection(B))<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
{5}\n{5}<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Set Difference<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Set Difference<\/strong><\/strong> – is a set of elements that are only in set A and not in set B. In the same way, B – A is a set of elements that are in B but not in A.<\/p>\n\n\n
\n
\"What<\/a>
Set Difference Diagram<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
The <\/strong>-<\/mark><\/code> operator and the difference()<\/strong><\/mark> method are used to make a difference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}\nB = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9}\n\n# using the - operator on A\nprint (A - B)\n\n# using the - operator on B\nprint (B - A)\n\n# using the difference function on A\nprint (A.difference(B))\n\n# using the difference function on B\nprint (B.difference(A))<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
{1, 2, 3, 4}\n{8, 9, 6, 7}\n{1, 2, 3, 4}\n{8, 9, 6, 7}<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Set Symmetric\u00a0Difference<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Set Symmetric\u00a0Difference<\/strong><\/strong> – a set of elements in A and B that aren’t in B (excluding the intersection).<\/p>\n\n\n
\n
\"What<\/a>
Set Symmetric Difference Diagram<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
The <\/strong>^<\/strong><\/mark> operator and the symmetric_difference()<\/mark> <\/strong>method are used to make a symmetric difference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}\nB = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9}\n\n# using the ^ operator on A\nprint (A ^ B)\n\n# using the symmetric_difference function\nprint (A.symmetric_difference (B))<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
{1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9}\n{1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9}<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Python Set Functions<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
In the table below, you’ll find a list of Python Set Functions<\/strong> that are commonly used with sets to do different tasks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Function<\/th>Description<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
all()<\/td>Returns True<\/code> if all elements of the set are true (or if the set is empty).<\/td><\/tr>
any()<\/td>Returns True<\/code> if any element of the set is true. If the set is empty, returns False<\/code>.<\/td><\/tr>
enumerate()<\/td>Returns an enumerate object. It contains the index and value for all the items of the set as a pair.<\/td><\/tr>
len()<\/td>Returns the length (the number of items) in the set.<\/td><\/tr>
max()<\/td>Returns the largest item in the set.<\/td><\/tr>
min()<\/td>Returns the smallest item in the set.<\/td><\/tr>
sorted()<\/td>Returns a new sorted list from elements in the set(does not sort the set itself).<\/td><\/tr>
sum()<\/td>Returns the sum of all elements in the set.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Python Set Functions<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Python Set Methods<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Python has many Set Methods<\/strong> and we’ve already talked about some of them. Here is a list of all the ways that set objects can be used:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Methods<\/th>Description<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
add()<\/td>Adds an element to the set<\/td><\/tr>
clear()<\/td>Removes all elements from the set<\/td><\/tr>
copy()<\/td>Returns a copy of the set<\/td><\/tr>
difference()<\/td>Returns the difference of two or more sets as a new set<\/td><\/tr>
difference_update()<\/td>Removes all elements of another set from this set<\/td><\/tr>
discard()<\/td>Removes an element from the set if it is a member. (Do nothing if the element is not in set)<\/td><\/tr>
intersection()<\/td>Returns the intersection of two sets as a new set<\/td><\/tr>
intersection_update()<\/td>Updates the set with the intersection of itself and another<\/td><\/tr>
isdisjoint()<\/a><\/td>Returns True<\/code> if two sets have a null intersection<\/td><\/tr>
issubset()<\/td>Returns True<\/code> if another set contains this set<\/td><\/tr>
issuperset()<\/td>Returns True<\/code> if this set contains another set<\/td><\/tr>
pop()<\/td>Removes and returns an arbitrary set element. Raises KeyError<\/code> if the set is empty<\/td><\/tr>
remove()<\/td>Removes an element from the set. If the element is not a member, raises a KeyError<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
symmetric_difference()<\/td>Returns the symmetric difference of two sets as a new set<\/td><\/tr>
symmetric_difference_update()<\/td>Updates a set with the symmetric difference of itself and another<\/td><\/tr>
union()<\/td>Returns the union of sets in a new set<\/td><\/tr>
update()<\/td>Updates the set with the union of itself and others<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Python Set Methods<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
List vs Set in Python<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Sets vs. lists in Python<\/strong> differ primarily in their ability to store unique elements. Sets only store unique values and automatically eliminate duplicates, while lists preserve the order of elements and allow duplicates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you need to handle a collection of distinct values or perform efficient membership testing, sets are the ideal choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Summary<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
In this tutorial, we have comprehended the set data type in Python. This includes what sets are, and why you would use them. We have also seen some examples of set operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I hope this lesson has helped you understand what is a set in Python and its uses<\/strong>. If you missed any of our previous lessons, check out our list of Python tutorials for absolute beginners<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\u2770\u2770<\/mark> Previous<\/strong><\/mark><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
Python Tuples<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
Next <\/strong>\u2771\u2771<\/mark><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
Python Dictionaries<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
What is Set in Python? A set is a collection of elements that can be iterated over and changed and does not contain duplicate elements or an index. Sets let … <\/p>\n
Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1373,"featured_media":69945,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61036],"tags":[90182,90181,90171,90179,90163,90175,90174,90173,89368,90165,90166,90164,90167,90177,90178,90162,90169,90161,90160,90176,90180,90170],"class_list":["post-68518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python-tutorial","tag-are-sets-in-python-immutable","tag-are-sets-in-python-mutable","tag-is-python-set-mutable","tag-is-python-set-ordered","tag-lists-vs-tuples-vs-sets","tag-python-set-vs-dict","tag-python-set-vs-list","tag-python-set-vs-list-vs-tuple","tag-python-set-vs-list-vs-tuple-vs-dict","tag-sets-vs-list","tag-sets-vs-lists","tag-sets-vs-lists-vs-tuples","tag-sets-vs-tuples","tag-what-is-python-set-with-example","tag-what-is-python-set-with-examples","tag-what-is-python-sets","tag-what-is-python-syntax","tag-what-is-set-in-python","tag-what-is-set-in-python-with-example","tag-what-is-set-in-python-with-examples","tag-what-is-set-method-in-python","tag-what-is-sets-in-python","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nExploring Sets in Python: Usage, Comparisons, and Operations<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is set in Python, usage, comparison, and operations is the objective of this article. 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