{"id":72329,"date":"2023-07-18T06:13:52","date_gmt":"2023-07-18T06:13:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/?p=72329"},"modified":"2023-10-26T02:19:12","modified_gmt":"2023-10-26T02:19:12","slug":"python-module-vs-package-vs-library","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/python-tutorial\/python-module-vs-package-vs-library\/","title":{"rendered":"Library vs Module vs Package in Python: Differences and Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Are you curious <strong>what&#8217;s the difference between library vs. module vs. package in Python?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, let&#8217;s dive in and demystify the <strong>difference between Python modules, packages, and libraries<\/strong> along with examples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-a-python-module\"><strong>What is a Python Module?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A <strong>module <\/strong>is like a container that holds different useful things such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>functions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>classes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>variables<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>constants<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It&#8217;s a way to package these elements together so they can be easily used by many different programs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rather than creating a separate program just to store these elements, a module can be included within another program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This makes it convenient to reuse code across different projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Basically, a <strong>module in Python is just a file with a .py extension that contains Python code.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, let\u2019s define a Python executable function to greet our visitors to a certain event:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong>def greeting_message(event_name):\n    print(\"Welcome guest to our \" + event_name+ \". Before proceeding, let's take a pause and watch the beginning of the show.\")<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This code is saved in a file called \u201cwelcome.py\u201d because we want this function to be part of the \u201cwelcome\u201d module.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We need to import the module using the import statement before we can use the code in our application. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We can call the function defined in the module by using the\u00a0<em>module.function()<\/em>\u00a0syntax.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong>import welcome\n\nwelcome.greeting_message (\u201cPython Module Tutorial\u201d)<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong>Welcome guest to our Python Module Tutorial.<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s possible to import only a specific function from a module, rather than the entire module.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To do this, you can use the following syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong>from welcome import greeting_message<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you\u2019ve used Python before, it\u2019s likely that you\u2019ve used modules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For instance, you might have used:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/random.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>random<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0module &#8211; a module that can be used to make pseudo-random number generators for different distributions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/datetime.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>datetime<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0module &#8211; You can change the date and time with the datetime module.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/html.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>html<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0module &#8211; enables you to view HTML pages.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/re.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>re<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;module &#8211; Python allows you to recognize and work with regular expressions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In order for you to test your\u00a0<strong>Python code<\/strong>\u00a0provided in this lesson, you must test the code on your code editor like\u00a0<strong>PyCharm<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But if you wish to run this code online, we also have an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/python-compiler\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Online Compiler in Python<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0or interpreter for you to test your\u00a0<strong>Python code<\/strong>\u00a0for free.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-a-python-package\"><strong>What is a Python Package?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>package <\/strong>is a directory containing collections of modules, including an\u00a0<strong>__init__.py<\/strong>\u00a0file that tells the interpreter to treat it as a package.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Additionally, a <strong>package is simply a namespace that can also contain sub-packages\u00a0and modules.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, we can put modules related to our data science project in the following package:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-tw-shadow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Package-Diagram.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"477\" src=\"https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Package-Diagram-1024x477.png\" alt=\"Python Package Diagram\" class=\"wp-image-72561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Package-Diagram-1024x477.png 1024w, https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Package-Diagram-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Package-Diagram-768x358.png 768w, https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Package-Diagram.png 1116w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Python Package Diagram<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The dot notation lets us import only certain modules from this package. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, we can use one of the following code snippets to import the\u00a0download\u00a0module from the\u00a0<em>Excel<\/em>\u00a0sub-package above:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong>import export.excel.download\nor\nfrom export.excel import download<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, we could choose to import only the&nbsp;<em>file_download()<\/em>&nbsp;function from our&nbsp;<em>download.py<\/em>&nbsp;module. Either of these options will work:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong>import export.excel.download.load_dataset()\nor\nfrom export.excel.download import file_download()<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You probably already use a lot of the built-in and open-source Python packages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For instance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/numpy.org\/install\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>NumPy\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pandas.pydata.org\/getting_started.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Pandas\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pypi.org\/project\/pytest\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>pytest&nbsp;<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>As your application&nbsp;gets bigger and uses more modules, Python packages become an important part of optimizing the structure of your code.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-creating-a-package\"><strong>Creating a Package<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>We have included an\u00a0<strong>__init__.py<\/strong>\u00a0file inside a directory to tell Python that this directory is a package.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You need to include this file whenever you want to create a package. Depending on your preferences, you can either write code inside of it or leave it blank.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>To make a package in Python, follow the steps below.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Make a directory and put an __init__.py file in it to tell Python that the directory is a package.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Include any additional files or sub-packages that you desire.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Next, use the valid import statements to get to them.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-a-python-library\"><strong>What is a <strong>Python<\/strong> Library?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u00a0<strong>library\u00a0<\/strong>is a collection of code, usually related modules and packages. This term is often used conversely with the \u201cPython package\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However many people think that a package is a collection of modules and that a library is a collection of packages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Developers create Python libraries to share code with others. This way, they don&#8217;t have to write code from scratch every time they need a specific function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, there are a lot of useful libraries to choose from. I&#8217;ll give just a few examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/scikit-learn.org\/stable\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Scikit-learn<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.python-requests.org\/en\/master\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Requests<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pytorch.org\/get-started\/locally\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>PyTorch<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pypi.org\/project\/pygame\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>pygame<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-python-standard-library\"><strong>Python Standard Library<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The\u00a0<strong>Python Standard Library\u00a0<\/strong>is a collection of Python\u2019s core syntax, tokens, and semantics. It comes bundled with the Python distribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Python is a language that is written in C and handles core functionality like I\/O and other modules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The core of the standard library is made up of more than\u00a0<strong>200 core modules<\/strong>. This library is already part of Python.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-difference-between-python-modules-packages-and-libraries\"><strong>Difference between Python Modules, Packages and Libraries<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A <strong>library in Python<\/strong> is a collection of modules or packages that provide specific functionality for various tasks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Modules<\/strong> are single files containing Python code that define functions, classes, and variables, which can be imported and used in other programs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Packages<\/strong> are a way of organizing related modules into a directory hierarchy, allowing for better organization and avoiding naming conflicts. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Packages <\/strong>typically consist of multiple modules and sub-packages and are represented by directories with an <strong>init<\/strong>.py file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall, <strong>libraries <\/strong>encompass multiple <strong>modules <\/strong>or <strong>packages<\/strong>, <em>modules are individual code files<\/em>, and <em>packages are a way to organize and structure related modules in a directory hierarchy<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-summary\"><strong>Summary<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This tutorial has discussed <strong>library vs module vs package Python differences<\/strong>. I have high hopes that you will acquire new knowledge from reading this article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The next post, &#8220;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/python-tutorial\/file-handling-functions-in-python\/\">File Handling Functions in Python<\/a><\/strong>&#8220;, consists of the basic functions regarding inputs and outputs used in Python Programming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Are you curious what&#8217;s the difference between library vs. module vs. package in Python? So, let&#8217;s dive in and demystify the difference between Python modules, packages, and libraries along with &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"Library vs Module vs Package in Python: Differences and Examples\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/itsourcecode.com\/python-tutorial\/python-module-vs-package-vs-library\/#more-72329\" aria-label=\"Read more about Library vs Module vs Package in Python: Differences and Examples\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1373,"featured_media":72647,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61036],"tags":[93768,93769,93771,93772,93770],"class_list":["post-72329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python-tutorial","tag-difference-between-python-module-package-and-library","tag-python-module-vs-package-vs-library","tag-what-is-a-package-in-python","tag-what-is-library-in-python","tag-what-is-module-in-python","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Library vs Module vs Package in Python: Differences and Examples<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is the difference between Python module, package, and library? 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