http://study.163.com/course/introduction.htm?courseId=378003#/courseDetail?tab=1

标准数据类型

46Python3 中有六个标准的数据类型：

47Number（数字）

48String（字符串）

49List（列表）

50Tuple（元组）

51Sets（集合）

52Dictionary（字典）

53Number（数字）

54Python3 支持 int、float、bool、complex（复数）。

55在Python 3里，只有一种整数类型 int，表示为长整型，没有 python2 中的 Long。

http://www.runoob.com/python3/python3-data-type.html

##copy line

Ctrl-a 光标到行首

Ctrl-Shift-Space 设置标记

Ctrl-e 光标到行尾。如此这一行就被选为激活的区域了

Alt-w 复制当前激活的区域

选中某一块区域：CTRL+@（CTRL+SHIFT+2）或者CTRL+SPACE 移动光标到合适的位置（CTRL+p、CTRL+n、CTRL+f、CTRL+b分别是向上、下、前、后 来移动光标）。

剪切快捷键：CTRL+k 删除当前位置到行末，CTRL+d相当于键盘上的DELETE键，

删除前面的字符：BACKSPACE

复制快捷键：ALT+w，将当前选中的文本复制到缓冲区。

粘贴快捷键：CTRL+y

保存快捷键：CTRL+x 然后按 CTRL+s

退出快捷键:CTRL+x 然后: CTRL+c

打开文件: CTRL+x 然后 : CTRL+f

http://www.icoolxue.com/album/show/113

Video DownloadHelper

C:\Users\Administrator\dwhelper

== 01.走进Python==

pass

== 04 pass==

pass

== 05.pass数据类型(数字和字符串) ==

str

In [1]: a='abcde'

In [2]: a[0]

Out[2]: 'a'

拼接字符串

In [3]: a[0]+a[1]

Out[3]: 'ab'0

In [5]: a[::1]

Out[5]: 'abcde'

In [6]: a[-4:-1]

Out[6]: 'bcd'

input and raw_input (会作合法检查)

str , repr 和反引号 是将python值转换为字符串的3种方法. function str让字符串更容易阅读，而repr(和反引号)则把结果字符串转换为合法的python表达式

== 06.元组==

pass

== 07.列表==

pass

一

[] 可作为列表，也可以是切片

Help on built-in function append:

help(list.append)

append(...)

L.append(object) -- append object to end

(END)

== 08.字典 ==

pass

== 09.流程控制（if语句==

pass

if 1<2:

print "ok"

if else 之间不能用其实内容 空行可以

== 10.流程控制(逻辑) ==

pass

In [3]: True and True

Out[3]: True

In [4]: True and False

Out[4]: False

In [5]: 1 and 1 and 1

Out[5]: 1

== 11流程控制（for语句） ==

pass

range xrange

In [17]: num = 0

In [18]: for x in range(1,101):

...: num += x

...:

In [19]: print num

5050

== 12.流程控制(遍历序列及字典) ==

pass

遍历字典

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ cat 2.py

#!/usr/bin/python

s = "hello"

l = [1,2,3,'a','b']

t = (7,8,9,'x','y')

d = {1:111,2:222,5:555,3:333}

for x in l:

if x >=2:

print x

for x in range(len(s)):

print s[x]

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ cat di.py

#!/usr/bin/python

s = "hello"

l = [1,2,3,'a','b']

t = (7,8,9,'x','y')

d = {1:111,2:222,5:555,3:333}

for x in d:

print d[x]

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ cat di.py

#!/usr/bin/python

s = "hello"

l = [1,2,3,'a','b']

t = (7,8,9,'x','y')

d = {1:111,2:222,5:555,3:333}

#for x in d:

# print d[x]

for k,v in d.items():

print k

print v

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ python di.py

1

111

2

222

3

333

5

555

== 13.流程控制（循环控制） ==

pass

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ cat di.py

#!/usr/bin/python

s = "hello"

l = [1,2,3,'a','b']

t = (7,8,9,'x','y')

d = {1:111,2:222,5:555,3:333}

for x in d:

print d[x]

else:

print "1ending"

for k,v in d.items():

print k

print v

else:

print "en"

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ python di.py

111

222

333

555

1ending

1

111

2

222

3

333

5

555

en

#!/usr/bin/python

import time

s = "hello"

l = [1,2,3,'a','b']

t = (7,8,9,'x','y')

d = {1:111,2:222,5:555,3:333}

for x in range(3):

print x

time.sleep(1)

else:

print "1ending"

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test$ python 13.py

0

1

2

1ending

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test$ cat 13.py

#!/usr/bin/python

import time

for x in range(1,11):

print x

if x == 6:

break

else:

print "1ending"

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test$ python 13.py

1

2

3

4

5

6

==14.流程控制（while循环） ==

06:00

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ python while14.py

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:q

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:^CTraceback (most recent call last):

File "while14.py", line 5, in <module>

x =raw_input("ple input somethin, q for quit:")

KeyboardInterrupt

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ cat while14.py

#!/usr/bin/python

while True:

print "hey"

x =raw_input("ple input somethin, q for quit:")

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ python while14.py

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:q

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ cat while14.py

#!/usr/bin/python

while True:

print "hey"

x =raw_input("ple input somethin, q for quit:")

if x == "q":

break

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ cat while14_1.py

#!/usr/bin/python

x= ""

while True:

print "hey"

x =raw_input("ple input somethin, q for quit:")

if x == "q":

break

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ python while14_1.py

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:a

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:q

#改良 回车自动退出

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ cat while14_1.py

#!/usr/bin/python

x= ""

while x != "q":

print "hey"

x =raw_input("ple input somethin, q for quit:")

if not x :

break

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ python while14_1.py

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:a

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:

#!/usr/bin/python

x= ""

while x != "q":

print "hey"

x =raw_input("ple input somethin, q for quit:")

if not x :

break

else:

print "enddo"

$ python while14_1.py

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:hey

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:q

enddo

emacs while14_1.py

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ cat while14_1.py

#!/usr/bin/python

x= ""

while x != "q":

print "hey"

x =raw_input("ple input somethin, q for quit:")

if not x :

break

if x == "c":

continue

print "one more time"

else:

print "enddo"

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test$ python while14_1.py

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:love

one more time

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:c

hey

ple input somethin, q for quit:

== 15.函数(定义和调用) ==

pass

In [1]: def add():

...: c = a+b

...: print c

...:

In [3]: a = 100

In [4]: b = 200

In [5]: add()

300

#!/usr/bin/python

a = 100

def fun():

if True:

print "good"

print a

fun()

== 16.函数(形参实参默认参数)==

****

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test/16$ python 1.py

input some:x

x

evan@evankali:~/github/python/test/16$ cat 1.py

def fun(x):

# if True:

print x

s=raw_input("input some:")

fun(s)

*****

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/16$ cat 1.py

def fun(x,y):

if x == y :

print x,'=' , y

else:

print x,'!=' ,

s1 = raw_input("input some:")

s2 = raw_input("input some:")

fun(s1,s2)

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/16$ python 1.py

input some:hey

input some:hey

hey = hey

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/16$ python 1.py

input some:hey

input some:he

hey !=

******************

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/16$ cat 2.py

#!/usr/bin/python

#coding:utf8

def mashine(x=3,y='奶油'):

print "生成一个",x,'元',y,'口味的冰'

#mashine(5,'巧克力')

mashine(5,)

#mashine(x=5)

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/16$ python 2.py

生成一个 5 元 奶油 口味的冰

***

设置默认参考是自右向左

def mashine(x=3,y):

不行

而

def mashine(x,y=3):

可以

总结 就是右边的是一定有值的

==17.函数（变量作用域）==

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/17$ cat fu.py

#!/usr/bin/python

x = 'I am global var'

def fun():

x = 100

global y

y = 200

print x

fun()

print x

print y

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/17$ python fu.py

100

I am global var

200

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/17$ cat fu.py

#!/usr/bin/python

x = 'I am global var'

def fun():

x = 100

global y

y = 200

print x

print y

# fun 没有运行 所以报错

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/17$ python fu.py

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "fu.py", line 11, in <module>

print y

NameError: global name 'y' is not defined

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/17$ cat fu.py

#!/usr/bin/python

x = 'I am global var'

def fun():

global y

y = 200

global x

x = 100

fun()

print x

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/17$ python fu.py

100

== 18.函数及return返回值==

11:00

In [1]: def f(x,y):

...: print "welcome"

...: return x+y

...:

In [2]: f(2,3)

welcome

Out[2]: 5

but 正常情况其实

def f(x,y):

print "welcome"

return x+y

f(2,3)

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/17$ python f.py

welcome

return 执行后 function 就结束了

In [1]: def f():

...: return "one"

...: return "two"

...:

In [2]: f()

Out[2]: 'one'

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/17$ cat x.py

def f(x,y):

if x>y:

return 1

if x <y:

return -1

return 0

print f(1,2)

evan@evanpc:~/github/python/test/17$ python x.py

-1

== 19.函数冗余参数==

元组 字典什么 的可以作实参

多用return 少用print 除非你是想要打印出来

In [1]: def f(x,y):

...: print x,y

...:

In [2]: f(1,2)

1 2

In [3]: t=('a','b')

In [4]: f(t)

-----------------------------------------------------------------

TypeError

In [5]: type(t)

Out[5]: tuple

In [6]: f(t,'te')

('a', 'b') te

In [9]: print "%s : %s" %('name','milo')

name : milo

In [8]: def f(x,y):

...: print "%s : %s" % x,y

...:

In [1]: def f(x,y):

...: print "%s : %s" % x ,y

...:

In [2]: t=('name','milo')

In [3]: f(t)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TypeError

正确

In [5]: def f(x,y):

...: print "%s : %s" % (x,y)

...:

In [6]: f(*t)

name : milo

怪死

In [9]: def f(name="name", age=0):

...: print "name: %s" %s name

File "<ipython-input-9-781b124a7d57>", line 2

print "name: %s" %s name

^

SyntaxError: invalid syntax

In [10]: def f(name="name", age=0):

...: print "name: %s" % name

...: print "age: %s" % age

...:

In [11]: f("evan",30)

name: evan

age: 30

In [12]: f()

name: name

age: 0

In [13]: t=(30,'evan')

In [14]: f(*t)

name: 30

age: evan

In [15]: d = {'age':30, 'name':'evan'}

In [16]: f(name="evan",age=30)

name: evan

age: 30

In [17]: f(age=30,name="evan")

name: evan

age: 30

In [1]: d = {'age':30, 'name':'evan'}

In [2]: def f(name="name", age=0):

...: print "name: %s" % name

...: print "age: %s" % age

...:

In [3]: f(**d)

name: evan

age: 30

In [4]: d['age']=31

In [5]: d

Out[5]: {'age': 31, 'name': 'evan'}

In [6]: f(**d)

name: evan

age: 31

In [7]: d={'a':30, 'n':'evan'}

In [8]: f(**d)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TypeError

In [9]: f(d['n'],d['a'])

name: evan

age: 30

In [10]: def f(x,*args):

...: print x

...: print args

...:

In [11]: f(1)

1

()

In [12]: f(1,2,3)

1

(2, 3)

In [13]: f(1,2,3,4,5,6)

1

(2, 3, 4, 5, 6)

In [14]: f(x=4)

4

()

In [15]: f(x=4,y=40)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TypeError

可以随意传输参数了:

In [16]: def f(x,*args,**kwargs):

...: print x

...: print args

...: print kwargs

...:

In [17]: f(1)

1

()

{}

n [18]: f(1,2,3,5)

1

(2, 3, 5)

{}

In [19]: f(x=1,y=2)

1

()

{'y': 2}

In [20]: f(1,3,4,x=1,y=2,z=20)

In [20]: f(1,3,4,x=1,y=2,z=20)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)

<ipython-input-20-0beb330e738b> in <module>()

----> 1 f(1,3,4,x=1,y=2,z=20)

TypeError: f() got multiple values for keyword argument 'x'

In [23]: f(1,3,4,z=1,y=2)

1

(3, 4)

{'y': 2, 'z': 1}

==20.函数lambda匿名函数==

In [1]: def f(x,y):

...: return x*y

...:

In [2]: g=lambda x,y:x*y

In [3]: g(2,3)

Out[3]: 6

In [4]: print g

<function <lambda> at 0x7fc9c0b54e60>

reduce

In [5]: def f(n):

...: if n > 0 :

...: n*f(n-1)

...:

In [6]: l = range(1,6)

In [7]: l

Out[7]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

In [13]: def f(x,y):

...: return x*y

...:

reduce把一个函数作用在一个序列[x1, x2, x3...]上，这个函数必须接收两个参数，reduce把结果继续和序列的下一个元素做累积计算，其效果就是：

reduce(f, [x1, x2, x3, x4]) = f(f(f(x1, x2), x3), x4)

https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/001374738125095c955c1e6d8bb493182103fac9270762a000/00141861202544241651579c69d4399a9aa135afef28c44000

把function 作用于list

n [14]: reduce(f,l)

Out[14]: 120

In [15]: f=lambda x,y:x*y

In [16]: reduce(f,l)

Out[16]: 120

== 21.Switch实现==

04:00

python的灵魂不在于语言本身，而在于其诸多优秀的库

如果做web，学一下django, flask等框架，看看它们的文档; 如果做游戏，看看pygame

总之，尝试做一个项目，在开发中和问题碰撞，并积累经验。光读书是没效果的。

Can’t guess python-indent-offset, using defaults: 4

python自动化运维开发【零基础】

http://study.163.com/course/introduction.htm?courseId=1003686002#/courseDetail?tab=1

链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i4JidfB 密码：6tum

== 26.正则表达式(初识)==

pass 20170606

import re

#"" 有错呢 哈哈 为什么 呢

re.findall(s, 'aaaaa')

Out[5]:

[]

re.findall(s, 'aaaaabc')

Out[6]:

['abc']

st = "top ip tep "

res = r"top"

re.findall(res, st)

Out[10]:

['top']

#使用元字符

st = "top tip io "

res= r"t[io]p"

re.findall(res,st)

Out[9]:

['top', 'tip']

反

res= r"t[^io]p"

re.findall(res,st)

Out[11]:

[]

In [1]: s = "hello world, hello boy"

In [2]: r = r"hello"

In [4]: re.findall(r,s)

Out[4]: ['hello', 'hello']

In [5]: r = r"^hello"

In [6]: re.findall(r,s)

Out[6]: ['hello']

In [7]: s = "world,hello boy"

In [8]: re.findall(r,s)

Out[8]: []

***

In [10]: s = "world,hello boy"

In [11]: r=r"boy$"

In [12]: re.findall(r,s)

Out[12]: ['boy']

****

[] 中 $不起效果

In [13]: r = "t[abc$]"

In [14]: re.findall(r,'ta')

Out[14]: ['ta']

In [15]: re.findall(r,'tb')

Out[15]: ['tb']

In [16]: re.findall(r,'tax')

Out[16]: ['ta']

***

In [17]: re.findall(r,'t$')

Out[17]: ['t$']

In [18]: r = "t[abc^]"

In [19]: re.findall(r,'t^')

Out[19]: ['t^']

***

In [20]: r=r"x[0123456789]x"

In [21]: re.findall(r,'x1x')

Out[21]: ['x1x']

In [22]: re.findall(r,'x1x x2x')

Out[22]: ['x1x', 'x2x']

** 优化

In [23]: r = r"x[0-9]x"

In [24]: re.findall(r,'x1x x2x')

Out[24]: ['x1x', 'x2x']

==27 正则表达式（元字符） ==

配置电话号码

In [7]: import re

In [8]: r=r"^010-\d\d\d\d\d\d\d\d"

In [9]: re.findall(r,'010-87654321')

Out[9]: ['010-87654321']

In [10]: re.findall(r,'010-8765432')

Out[10]: []

升级

In [11]: r=r"^010-\d{8}"

In [12]: re.findall(r,'010-8765432')

Out[12]: []

In [13]: re.findall(r,'010-87654323')

Out[13]: ['010-87654323']

一个-或者没有-

r=r"^010-?\d{8}$"

非贪婪模式 一般加?

== 28.正则表达式（常用函数）==

import re

r1=r"\d{3,4}-?\d{8}"

In [4]: re.findall(r1,"010-12345678")

Out[4]: ['010-12345678']

In [5]: re.findall(r1,"010-1234567")

Out[5]: []

In [6]: p_tel=re.compile(r1)

In [7]: p_tel

Out[7]: re.compile(r'\d{3,4}-?\d{8}')

In [8]: p_tel.findall('010-223088198')

Out[8]: ['010-22308819']

In [9]: p_tel.findall('0101-223088198')

Out[9]: ['0101-22308819']

不区分大小写

In [11]: csvt_re = re.compile(r'csvt',re.I)

In [12]: csvt_re.findall('CSVT')

Out[12]: ['CSVT']

In [13]: csvt_re.findall('CSvt')

Out[13]: ['CSvt']

In [14]: csvt_re.match('csvt hello')

Out[14]: <_sre.SRE_Match at 0x7fcaf94c3510>

In [15]: csvt_re.match('hello')

In [16]: csvt_re.match('hello csvt')

In [17]: csvt_re.match('csvt')

Out[17]: <_sre.SRE_Match at 0x7fcaf94c3780>

In [18]: x = csvt_re.match('csvt')

In [19]: if x :

...: pass

...:

In [20]: csvt_re.search('hello csvt')

Out[20]: <_sre.SRE_Match at 0x7fcaf94c39f0>

In [21]: csvt_re.search('csvt hello')

Out[21]: <_sre.SRE_Match at 0x7fcaf94c3e68>

help(re.sub)

In [22]: s = "hello csvt"

In [24]: s.replace('csvt', 'python')

Out[24]: 'hello python'

更加好用的办法

In [30]: import re

In [31]: rs=r'c..t'

In [32]: re.sub(rs,'python','csvt caat cvvt cccc')

Out[32]: 'python python python cccc'

In [33]: re.subn(rs,'python','csvt caat cvvt cccc')

Out[33]: ('python python python cccc', 3)