FrontierMath includes both carefully crafted challenge problems and open research problems that remain unsolved by mathematicians.

A benchmark of several hundred unpublished, highly challenging mathematics problems. Difficulty Tiers 1-3 cover undergraduate through early postdoc level problems, while Tier 4 is research-level mathematics.

A collection of unsolved mathematics problems that have resisted serious attempts by professional mathematicians. AI solutions would meaningfully advance the state of human mathematical knowledge.