Special Ops To Get The Uranium

There are folks out there dreaming about a daring raid by special ops forces to grab Iran’s stock of enriched uranium. Trumpies would like to grab the Ayatollahs’ goodies. People concerned about proliferation would like the material under positive control. I would advise against such a raid.

The enriched uranium seems to be at Isfahan (Esfahan on the map), or at least the relative lack of attack on Isfahan seems to indicate that that is where the US military believes it to be, although today Isfahan was hit. The amount of enriched uranium is said to be 400 kilograms or more.

The concern is that Iran will continue to hold this uranium, which can be further enriched to bomb grade or itself can be made into a bomb. Or that others will acquire it in a chaotic war situation.

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Iran Does Not Have Nuclear Weapons

It’s time to say it again: It’s highly doubtful that the Iranians were pursuing a nuclear weapon. And they certainly don’t have any.

Donald Trump insists that (one of the purposes/ the purpose) of his attack on Iran is to make sure they never get a nuclear weapon. He has also tried to look reasonable by saying “All they have to do is say they will not build a nuclear weapon.”

Iran has done that second thing already, by ratifying the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty. When North Korea decided to build nuclear weapons, they withdrew from the treaty. Iran has threatened to withdraw, but they haven’t. This is a signal of their intention not to build nuclear weapons.

Trump’s insistence seems more like that of a middle-school boy sitting on another, hollering “Say uncle.” Big strong ayatollahs must come to Trump with tears in their eyes and say it.

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That Alleged Chinese Nuclear Test

You may have seen the uproar about a possible Chinese nuclear test in 2020. It’s being publicized mainly because the Trump administration wants 1) to beat on China and 2) to have an excuse to start up nuclear testing again.

Earlier this week, Christopher Yeaw, Assistant Secretary of State for Arms Control and Nonproliferation presented a statement to the Council on Disarmament in Vienna that included a seismic trace of what the administration claims to be a Chinese test on June 22, 2020. Although formal complaints about a test go back to the Biden administration, this is the first time that evidence has been presented for it.

Why is this important? Let’s back up to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) and the 1990s.

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The Death of the Doomsday Clock

For the last few years, the rollout of the clock on the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists has been a flop. This year was the worst. People on my Bluesky timeline didn’t know what it meant, or worse, mocked it. What does a change of 4 seconds mean on a base of 89 seconds? I certainly don’t know.

The clock originally represented the opinion of a group of experts on the probability of nuclear war. It went back and forth over the years, coming closest to midnight (nuclear war) during the Cuban missile crisis. That made a certain kind of sense.

But a few years back, the board dumped a bunch of things into the mix: nuclear weapons threats, the disruption caused by artificial intelligence, biosecurity concerns (deliberate and natural), and climate change. I have no idea how all those things can be put into one measure. Al Mauroni gives it a try and gives more background on the clock. I agree with Al and have an additional concern. It’s time to drop the clock.

This week, the last of the arms control treaties lapses. Arms control is dead. Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin are killing lots of other things – both human and our expectations of how the world works. I believe we will wrest back control, but it will not be the world in which those treaties were negotiated. We will need new forms, new agreements, new expectations.

Arms control tamed the wild nuclear excesses that bloomed through the first three decades of nuclear weapons. We have eliminated tens of thousands of nuclear weapons and have made the world safer through the attitudes and beliefs those changes fostered. But the world has been different, particularly since the collapse of the Soviet Union, and when Trump and Putin are out of power, it will be different from today. I don’t know what that world will look like, and neither do you.

The old appeals to public concern about nuclear weapons have been inoperative since around the time we lost the Soviet Union as the ultimate enemy. The 1990s were a time when people wanted to believe we didn’t have to think about nuclear weapons ever again. The appeals of the 1960s, and even of the 1980s, lost their power. Global warming took their place as the apocalyptic threat.

But the arms control community, the people who publish The Bulletin of The Atomic Scientists, did not change along with the public. The clock is one indication of this.

The pulse of arms control slackens, the breathing becomes hoarser. We know that the end comes Thursday. There will be something new after that.

Cross-posted to Lawyers, Guns & Money

The End Of Arms Control

Next week, on February 5, the last of the historic nuclear arms control agreement lapses. The New START Treaty preserved the regime for a few more years, but the thinking that drove the Soviet Union and the United States to agree to limit nuclear weapons had started decaying long before.

Most arms control treaties were agreed to under Republican presidents, and they were undone under Republican presidents. The first was because Republicans were seen to be stronger on national defense, and the second was because of the burgeoning, now fully flowering, Republican hatred of treaties.

Treaties rank with the US Constitution as the law of the land. It says so in the Constitution. That means, to Republicans, that they constrain us from doing whatever we damn well please, leading to the peaceful reign of Donald the First, doing whatever he damn well pleases, this week threatening Iran.

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Rare Earths In Greenland

I wrote a short thread on Bluesky a week or so ago about mineral deposits, since they seem to loom so large in Donald Trump’s thinking. The Times (London) has an article that responds to many of my checkpoints from that thread, so I’ll put them side by side here. My checkpoints in italics.

Having a resource in the ground means next to nothing.  Greenland is known to have two very large deposits of rare earth minerals on its southern tip – the Kvanefjeld complex and the Tanbreez deposit, which may be the second largest on earth, after the Bayan Obo deposit in China.

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No, There Is Not A Nuclear Weapon On Nanda Devi

In the world that talks about nuclear weapons, a device is a nuclear explosive without a delivery vehicle. This is fairly generally known, by physicists and political scientists, along with many of the general public. But “device” is, in other contexts, a neutral word referring to pretty much anything mechanical. If you want to get clicks, you can leverage the two definitions, which is what the New York Times did (gift link).

In 1965, the CIA tried to set up a detection station for Chinese nuclear tests on Nanda Devi in the Himalayas. The first several paragraphs of the Times article don’t give the date. Having been teased by the implication of nuclear weapons in the headline, I wondered if this was recent. The date eventually appears.

Those paragraphs include a very scary plutonium fact.

The climbers scampered down the mountain after stashing the C.I.A. gear on a ledge of ice, abandoning a nuclear device that contained nearly a third of the total amount of plutonium used in the Nagasaki bomb.

Okay, something is wrong here. This “device” may not contain enough plutonium for a nuclear explosion, so it’s probably not a device. A little later,

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I Am So Tired

[This post is very personal. I think it needs to be said, because I am not the only one feeling this way. I posted it at Lawyers, Guns & Money and immediately got a jocular response. So I deleted it. I’m not allowing comments here. Just please read and think.]

Reading about Jeffrey Epstein through one more round of media coverage makes me very tired. It is a heavy tiredness, the tiredness that comes when you have heard the same things again and again, the tiredness that comes when one day looks like the one before looks like many years ago.

None of the things being pulled out of the latest tranche of many thousand emails is new. They have been reported on and have slipped away and reported on and slipped away. Each repetition adds weight, not a weight that leads to resolution.

The repetition is tied to political ends – the hope that something will be ugly enough to take down Donald Trump. He seems worried this time, but he seemed worried about E. Jean Carroll’s lawsuits, lost them, and is now appealing them to the Supreme Court.

Women who were exploited and injured by Epstein and his clients, friends, have continued to press their cases. It’s been a decade or more now. If I am tired, how must they feel?

We know what Epstein did. He was almost punished for it, and his accomplice Ghislaine Maxwell is in prison, with the growing possibility of having her sentence ended. A great many other people seem to have been involved, but they slip away. Prince-no-longer Andrew has had his titles stripped, and there has been public humiliation, if indeed he can feel humiliation.

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The Alaska Summit

To use the word “negotiations” about tomorrow’s meeting between Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin, if we consider its historical use for other actions between representatives of their nations, is to commit a category error.

Historically, negotiations on ending wars or treaties or trade or any of the numerous issues that must be sorted out between nations have been carried out by subject-matter specialists: nuclear scientists and engineers for arms control treaties; financial and commerce specialists for trade; and ending a war may require specialists in many areas, including the history and sociology of the nations involved, manufacturing and financial experts, and geographers.  Skillful interpreters are needed for the face to face interactions, and translators to make sure that the documents convey the same legal meanings in all languages involved.

As far as we know, Trump has employed only his golf buddy, Steve Witkoff, who knows nothing of Russian history or language, nothing of conventional or nuclear arms manufacture or capability, nothing of trade or national boundaries and the humans living within them. He may know a bit about New York real estate finance, which probably doesn’t help much with sanctions, and he’s open to whomever shows up at the table as his interpreter.

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General Matter

Back when I was awarding contracts for environmental restoration, there would be some bidders who had nothing to do with environmental restoration. Their plan was to “team with” or subcontract to an organization that knew what they were doing. I never let a contract to them.

Now comes General Matter. That’s the kind of name that too-smart Silicon Valley types might condescend to a process that deals with atoms, not qbits. Uranium enrichment is one of those messy physical processes, so why not.

I first heard the name back in the spring and looked at the website, which was a placeholder only. IIRC, one page with the name and some promise that more was coming.

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