Jekyll2019-06-28T23:48:17+00:00https://stormalinblue.github.io/feed.xmlstormalinblue.github.ioShapey Numbers2019-06-01T00:00:00+00:002019-06-01T00:00:00+00:00https://stormalinblue.github.io/2019/06/01/shapey-numbers<p><span class="math display"><span class="mjpage mjpage__block"><span class="mjx-chtml MJXc-display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="mjx-math" aria-label="
\newcommand{\R}{\mathbb{R}}
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"><span class="mjx-mrow" aria-hidden="true"></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<h3 id="square-numbers">Square Numbers</h3>
<p>We all know about numbers that form squares, we often call them square numbers.</p>
<p>For any natural number <span class="math inline"><span class="mjpage"><span class="mjx-chtml"><span class="mjx-math" aria-label="n"><span class="mjx-mrow" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">n</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>, the <span class="math inline"><span class="mjpage"><span class="mjx-chtml"><span class="mjx-math" aria-label="n"><span class="mjx-mrow" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">n</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><sup>th</sup> square number is <span class="math inline"><span class="mjpage"><span class="mjx-chtml"><span class="mjx-math" aria-label="n^2"><span class="mjx-mrow" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mjx-msubsup"><span class="mjx-base"><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">n</span></span></span><span class="mjx-sup" style="font-size: 70.7%; vertical-align: 0.513em; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.071em;"><span class="mjx-mn" style=""><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.372em; padding-bottom: 0.372em;">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>.</p>
<p>For the uninitiated, <span class="math inline"><span class="mjpage"><span class="mjx-chtml"><span class="mjx-math" aria-label="n^2 = \int_{0}^{n} \frac{x}{2} dx"><span class="mjx-mrow" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mjx-msubsup"><span class="mjx-base"><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">n</span></span></span><span class="mjx-sup" style="font-size: 70.7%; vertical-align: 0.513em; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.071em;"><span class="mjx-mn" style=""><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.372em; padding-bottom: 0.372em;">2</span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.077em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">=</span></span><span class="mjx-msubsup MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-base" style="margin-right: -0.138em;"><span class="mjx-mo" style="padding-right: 0.138em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-size1-R" style="padding-top: 0.593em; padding-bottom: 0.593em;">∫</span></span></span><span class="mjx-stack" style="vertical-align: -0.366em;"><span class="mjx-sup" style="font-size: 70.7%; padding-bottom: 0.579em; padding-left: 0.324em; padding-right: 0.071em;"><span class="mjx-texatom" style=""><span class="mjx-mrow"><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">n</span></span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-sub" style="font-size: 70.7%; padding-right: 0.071em;"><span class="mjx-texatom" style=""><span class="mjx-mrow"><span class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.372em; padding-bottom: 0.372em;">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-mfrac MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-box MJXc-stacked" style="width: 0.546em; padding: 0px 0.12em;"><span class="mjx-numerator" style="font-size: 70.7%; width: 0.772em; top: -1.159em;"><span class="mjx-mi" style=""><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">x</span></span></span><span class="mjx-denominator" style="font-size: 70.7%; width: 0.772em; bottom: -0.665em;"><span class="mjx-mn" style=""><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.372em; padding-bottom: 0.372em;">2</span></span></span><span style="border-bottom: 1.3px solid; top: -0.296em; width: 0.546em;" class="mjx-line"></span></span><span style="height: 1.29em; vertical-align: -0.47em;" class="mjx-vsize"></span></span><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.446em; padding-bottom: 0.298em; padding-right: 0.003em;">d</span></span><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<h2 id="triangle-numbers">Triangle numbers</h2>
<p>These are numbers that can be arranged into triangles. This is also the sum of the first <span class="math inline"><span class="mjpage"><span class="mjx-chtml"><span class="mjx-math" aria-label="n"><span class="mjx-mrow" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">n</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> consecutive natural numbers.</p>
<p><span class="math display"><span class="mjpage mjpage__block"><span class="mjx-chtml MJXc-display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="mjx-math" aria-label="\sum_{i = 1}^{n} i = \frac{n(n - 1)}{2}"><span class="mjx-mrow" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mjx-munderover"><span class="mjx-itable"><span class="mjx-row"><span class="mjx-cell"><span class="mjx-stack"><span class="mjx-over" style="font-size: 70.7%; padding-bottom: 0.247em; padding-top: 0.141em; padding-left: 0.721em;"><span class="mjx-texatom" style=""><span class="mjx-mrow"><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">n</span></span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-op"><span class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-size2-R" style="padding-top: 0.74em; padding-bottom: 0.74em;">∑</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-row"><span class="mjx-under" style="font-size: 70.7%; padding-top: 0.236em; padding-bottom: 0.141em; padding-left: 0.21em;"><span class="mjx-texatom" style=""><span class="mjx-mrow"><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.446em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">i</span></span><span class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.077em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">=</span></span><span class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.372em; padding-bottom: 0.372em;">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-mi MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.446em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">i</span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.077em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">=</span></span><span class="mjx-mfrac MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-box MJXc-stacked" style="width: 3.9em; padding: 0px 0.12em;"><span class="mjx-numerator" style="width: 3.9em; top: -1.59em;"><span class="mjx-mrow"><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">n</span></span><span class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.446em; padding-bottom: 0.593em;">(</span></span><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">n</span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space2"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.298em; padding-bottom: 0.446em;">−</span></span><span class="mjx-mn MJXc-space2"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.372em; padding-bottom: 0.372em;">1</span></span><span class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.446em; padding-bottom: 0.593em;">)</span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-denominator" style="width: 3.9em; bottom: -0.756em;"><span class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.372em; padding-bottom: 0.372em;">2</span></span></span><span style="border-bottom: 1.3px solid; top: -0.296em; width: 3.9em;" class="mjx-line"></span></span><span style="height: 2.346em; vertical-align: -0.756em;" class="mjx-vsize"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>Also, <span class="math display"><span class="mjpage mjpage__block"><span class="mjx-chtml MJXc-display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="mjx-math" aria-label="1.5 \in \R"><span class="mjx-mrow" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.372em; padding-bottom: 0.372em;">1.5</span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="padding-top: 0.225em; padding-bottom: 0.372em;">∈</span></span><span class="mjx-texatom MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-mrow"><span class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-ams-R" style="padding-top: 0.446em; padding-bottom: 0.298em;">R</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>Square Numbers We all know about numbers that form squares, we often call them square numbers. For any natural number n, the nth square number is n2. For the uninitiated, n2=∫n0x2dx Triangle numbers These are numbers that can be arranged into triangles. This is also the sum of the first n consecutive natural numbers. n∑i=1i=n(n−1)2 Also, 1.5∈RIterables2019-05-31T00:00:00+00:002019-05-31T00:00:00+00:00https://stormalinblue.github.io/2019/05/31/iterables<p>The most familiar form of iterating to those accustomed to C-like languages is</p>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span class="kw">for</span> (<span class="dt">int</span> i = <span class="dv">0</span>; i < n; i += <span class="dv">1</span>) {
<span class="co">// do something</span>
}</code></pre></div>
<p>The three parts of the for statement, the declaration, the comparison, and the comparision, are what people are accustomed to.</p>
<p>Some of the programming languages I know have the concept of an <em>iterable</em>, which is a nifty way to make all sorts of iterating more intuitive. However, for people who are more familiar with languages that emphasize the type of iteration used above, the concept can take time to get used to.</p>
<p>The above loop in Python would be</p>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span class="cf">for</span> i <span class="op">in</span> <span class="bu">range</span>(<span class="dv">0</span>, n, <span class="dv">1</span>):
<span class="co"># do something</span></code></pre></div>The most familiar form of iterating to those accustomed to C-like languages is for (int i = 0; i < n; i += 1) { // do something } The three parts of the for statement, the declaration, the comparison, and the comparision, are what people are accustomed to. Some of the programming languages I know have the concept of an iterable, which is a nifty way to make all sorts of iterating more intuitive. However, for people who are more familiar with languages that emphasize the type of iteration used above, the concept can take time to get used to. The above loop in Python would be for i in range(0, n, 1): # do something