Rend-a-Pixel is a raytracing rendering engine developed on top of the Lightwave Framework as the final project for the Computer Graphics course at Saarland University lectured by Prof. Dr.-Ing. Philipp Slusallek during the Winter Semester 2023/2024. Some of the implemented features are showcased below:

No Area Lights	Uniform Sphere Sampling
Cosine-Weighted Sampling	Subtended-Cone Sampling

BSDF Sampling	NEE	MIS

No Normal Mapping	Normal Mapping

Perspective	With Thinlens

Without Alpha Masking	With Alpha Masking

Sphere-looking Lights	3-bladed Bokeh Shapes

Noisy	Denoised

Independent Sampling	Normal Halton Sampling
Digit-permutated Halton Sampling	Owen-scrambled Halton Sampling

Independent Sampling	Normal Halton Sampling
Digit-permutated Halton Sampling	Owen-scrambled Halton Sampling

• Camera Models
  • Basic Perspective Camera
  • Thinlens Camera
• Basic Primitives
  • Sphere
  • Rectangles
  • Triangle/Generic Meshes
• Integrators
  • Albedo
  • Normals
  • Direct Lighting
  • Path Tracing
• BSDFs & Lighting Models:
  • Materials:
    • Diffuse
    • Conductor
    • Rough Conductor
    • Dielectric
    • Principled
  • Lambertian Emission
• Textures:
  • Checkerboard Texture
  • Image Texture
• Lights:
  • Environment Map
    • Improved Environment Sampling
  • Area Lights
    • Uniform Sphere Sampling
    • Cosine-Weighted Sampling
    • Subtended-Cone Sampling
  • Point Light
  • Directional Light
• Sampling:
  • BSDF Sampling
  • Next Event Estimation (NEE)
  • Multiple Importance Sampling (MIS)
• Image denoising using Intel® Open Image Denoise
• Acceleration Structures:
  • SAH Bounding Volume Hierarchy
• Shading Normals
• Alpha Masking
• Custom Bokeh Shapes

© The Lightwave Framework was written by Alexander Rath, with contributions from Ömercan Yazici and Philippe Weier. Their support was invaluable in the coding of these features. The scenes showcasing the features were provided by their team, and should be used under permission. Many textures and models were taken from Poly Haven's extensive library. Many thanks to the team behind Tev used extensively throughout this project as an EXR viewer.

1. Tomas Akenine-Mller, Eric Haines, and Naty Hoffman. Real-Time Rendering (4th ed.) USA: A. K. Peters, Ltd., 2018. ISBN: 0134997832.
2. John F. Hughes et al. Computer Graphics - Principles and Practice, (3rd ed.) Addison-Wesley, 2014. ISBN: 978-0-321-39952-6.
3. Matt Pharr, Wenzel Jakob, and Greg Humphreys. Physically Based Rendering: From Theory to Implementation, (3rd ed.) Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., 2016, ISBN: 978-0128006450.
4. Matt Pharr, Wenzel Jakob, and Greg Humphreys. Physically Based Rendering: From Theory to Implementation, (4th ed.) MIT Press, 2023, ISBN: 978-0262048026.