Git is a version control system used for tracking changes in computer files. It is generally used for source code management in software development

Git is a version control system used for tracking changes in computer files. It is generally used for source code management in software development

Features of Git Tracks history Free and open source Supports non-linear development Creates backups Scalable Supports collaboration Branching is easier Distributed development

What is the difference between git and GitHub? While Git is a tool that's used to manage multiple versions of source code edits that are then transferred to files in a Git repository GitHub serves as a location for uploading copies of a Git repository.

1., Git is a software., GitHub is a service. 2., Git is a command-line tool, GitHub is a graphical user interface 3., Git is installed locally on the system, GitHub is hosted on the web 4., Git is maintained by linux., GitHub is maintained by Microsoft. 5., Git is focused on version control and code sharing., GitHub is focused on centralized source code hosting. 6., Git is a version control system to manage source code history. GitHub is a hosting service for Git repositories. 7., Git has no user management feature. , GitHub has a built-in user management feature. 8., Git is open-source licensed., GitHub includes a free-tier and pay-for-use tier. 9., Git has minimal external tool configuration., GitHub has an active marketplace for tool integration.

What is Version Control System? When developers are creating something (an application, for example), they are making constant changes to the code and releasing new versions, up to and after the first official (non-beta) release.

register https://github.com install git bash @https://git-scm.com/downloads

cd Desktop

git init --> create the empty local repositry Then it will create 3 logical areas

working area staging area loacl repositry Remote repo

vi DBUtils.java it is a area which --This file will be is intermetent b/w in working area working and local which contains the file

61git status -->where the files are available-->working,staging,local area

To move files from working area to staging area ---> git add . git add * git add *.java --> to move all the java files git add DBUtilis.java --> to move inly 1 file

when will we move files from working area to staging area Once development is complete will move the files from working area to the staging area

git commit -m "First commit" --> To commit the file from staging to local repositry m=message git commit -a -m "Updated" a=changing area

When you install Git-bash, the first thing you should be doing is setting up your user details as follows only one time.

#git config --global user.name "Fida Learning " #git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

Checking for settings #git config –list #git config --global--list --> to see if we have configured correct username and email.if

#git config --global --edit

You can also check what Git thinks a specific key’s value is by typing git config : #git config user.name

The files which are available in working area are untraked files display in red colour The files which are availabe in staging area are tracked files and display in green colour

Go to the directory where you want to create the git repository.

#cd ~/Desktop #mkdir git-practice-commands #cd git-practice-commands

#git init : Create a local Git empty repository. Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/Fidaarooj/git/git-practice-commands/.git/ #git status : Gives the status of your untracked files. #touch DBConnect.java #git status #vim DBConnect.java #git add DBConnect.java: Add the files(here DBConnect.java) into your staging area. #git status On branch master

Initial commit

Changes to be committed: (use "git rm --cached ..." to unstage)

IDEs--> Integrated Development Environment

Java IDEs--> Eclipse MyEclipse Intellij

git add . git add * git add

git remote add aliasname remote repo url : Adding the URL for the remote repository where your local repository code will be pushed.

git remote add cb git remote add cb https://github.com/devops-training-sec/citibank.git

git remote -v --> to check push, fetch

git push aliasname branchname --> the files which are in local repo moves to remote repo While using git push command it will ask credentials related to github

#git log : It will give all commit ids. #git log -2 : It will display only 2 commit ids.

#git show --pretty="" --name-only << Commit ID >> : It will display all the files which are committed in that particular commit.

#git clean -n : It will preview the changes.

#git clean -f : If we want to remove new files from working area.

#git reset <> : To untrack the tracked files (revert back to working area from staging area.).

#git revert <> : It will revert the changes committed in that particular commit id from local repo.

#git push origin master -f: It will revert the changes from remote repo.

Git Ignore file (.gitignore) Some times we don’t want to commit the files, which are generated by IDE like .project and classpath files or some node module folders like node_module folder into a git repository. To ignore these files and folders to commit we will create one file called .gitignore and we will keep the file names or directory names which we don’t want to commit as follows.

Branches

1. Branches are used to create another line of development.
2. By default, Git has a master branch, which is same as trunk in Subversion (SVN). Usually, a branch is created to work on a new feature.
3. Once the feature is completed, it is merged back with the master branch and we delete the branch.

Tags

1. Tags similar to branches, but the difference is that tags are immutable.
2. It means, tag is a branch, which nobody intends to modify. Once a tag is created for a particular commit, even if you create a new commit, it will not be updated.
3. Usually, developers create tags for product releases.

#git branch : It gives the branch names in current repository. #git branch bugfix : It will create the bugfix branch in local git repository. #git branch -v: It will display all the branches in your repo, and also tell you what branch you're currently in. #git checkout bugfix : Switch to bugfix branch. Switched to branch 'bugfix' #git checkout master : Switch to master branch. Switched to branch 'master' #git push origin : bugfix (OR) git push origin --delete bugfix (OR) git push origin bugfix -d: It will delete a remote branch in the repository. #git push origin --all : Push all branches code to your remote repository. #git branch -d bugfix: Deletes the bugfix branch in local repo.

git tag : It will displays the tags. git tag <> : It will create the tag. git push origin tag <> : It will push the tag to remote repo. git push origin --tags: It will push all the tags to remote repo. git tag -d <> : It will delete the tag.

PAT--> Personal Access Token --> Its like a password to move file from local to remote repo

ghp --> GitHub Public
ghe --> GitHub Enterprise