I have successfully used this with Mesa + Vulkan ICDs and gotten 3D rendering, software via lavapipe and nvidia drivers, to work.

Unfortunately, there is no vglrun for vulkan, so one need to actually have a real Xorg server with hardware acceleration (which is actually very feasible to set up with Xorg + x11vnc), or the application needs to be explicitly written to do headless rendering (which, of course, some might be). None of this can ever be solved in this module though; it depends on how your OS, drivers, and (remote)desktop solution is set up, so this is as good as it can get.

Test report by @Micket
SUCCESS
Build succeeded for 1 out of 1 (1 easyconfigs in total)
vera-icelake-build - Linux Rocky Linux 9.6, x86_64, Intel(R) Xeon(R) Silver 4316 CPU @ 2.30GHz, Python 3.9.21
See https://gist.github.com/Micket/8cb58f4812b03f74b158237d73891513 for a full test report.

Going in, thanks @Micket!