Extendscript has the possibility to target a specific application with the statement

#target aftereffects
alert('hello AE');

This is nice but creates a problem when you use a linter for JavaScript. Every linter will throw an error on this. To avoid this you can use this undocumented way to target a specific application.

//@target aftereffects
alert("hello AE");

Or you can tell your linter (if it is jshint) to ignore that line.

#target aftereffects //jshint ignore:line
alert('hello AE');

Other linters should have some kind of ignoring specific lines or idioms as well. Thanks to @stib and @Ziki for pointing this out in this stackoverflow question.